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Re: [SIGCIS-Members] A response to a SIGCIS Command Line panel session presentation on PLATO
by Nabeel Siddiqui 24 May '17

24 May '17

I began to write a response after the initial email was sent, but I deleted it hoping that this would pass over sooner. As others have mentioned, this is a strange, bordering on personal, response/attack. It is also an immature way to handle a disagreement about a scholarly conference talk, shows a lack of understanding of the purpose of such talks, and highlights an obsession towards nitpicking terminology. Conference talks are places to showcase ideas, get feedback on works in progress, and form community. They are not always written out before hand. For instance, I gave a talk at the conference that I view as a work in progress rather than a finished piece. I only wrote down some of my paper and talked impromptu for the rest of it. If someone typed every word that I said out meticulously, I would find it extremely abhorrent and disconcerting. If someone then contacted the people I wrote about for the expressed purpose of discrediting my work in progress, writing about it in a long blog post, and sending it to all my colleagues, I would find it hostile. In your follow up email, you seem to imply the problem is that people have not read your response. I have read your article and the claims you made, and I was present in the front row when Joy gave her, in my opinion, excellent presentation. Joy does not need me to defend her talk, but here is my response to your article's points for what they are worth--I apologize ahead of time for the atrocious grammar and spelling but it is getting late: *Rankin’s presentation makes assertions about the PLATO system, its developers, its users, and its online and offline culture at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) in the 1960s and 1970s, that paint a decidedly negative picture, one where Rankin declares PLATO suffered from "endemic misogyny" and that she likens to a "fortress of patriarchal heterosexual power in American computing."* Your use of quotes for "endemic misogyny" and "fortress of patriarchal heterosexual power in American computing" is a strange rhetorical move. Presumably, you have put these in quotes to highlight the words Joy used, but at the same time, they position her claims as arbitrary, perhaps spoken by "others"--read feminists--but not those couched in "historical reality." *(Dr. Rankin was contacted twice by email and once by phone for this article, and offered some questions the answers to which would hopefully shed light on how she reached her conclusions. I was particularly curious to know if she ever met or otherwise communicated directly with any of the PLATO people she names and talks about in her presentation. She never responded.)* Sounds like you contacted her purely to put on her trial. If this article is any indication, perhaps the reason she did not respond is the hostile nature of your approaches towards her and her work? *Rankin and others who spoke at SIGCIS are to be commended for revisiting the history of computing with a fresh and different perspective. However, whenever one revisits history, it is important to get the basic story straight, so that any higher-level analysis avoids losing its footing.* The first sentence here contradicts what you are saying in the second. *Lamont told me that Earth Day had nothing to do with the Boneyard Creek lesson. (The creek was a contentious local environmental issue long before 1970.) Lamont was a serious scholar pursuing a doctoral degree, not a “hippie earth mother” contending with “military industrial computing cold warriors.”* This is a strange juxtaposition of the term "hippie earth mothers" and "serious scholar." I know tons of "hippie earth mothers" that are serious scholars. I don't know why they are supposed to be mutually exclusive. *And despite Rankin’s attempt to attach some knowing political subtext to Lamont’s use of the word “demonstration” to describe the act of demonstrating her PLATO lesson to members of the public, that is all it was, a demonstration, as in, a demo. In the world of PLATO, much like the world of software developers today, one was constantly demonstrating, or demoing, that which one had created on the computer. Demos went on all day long then and they go on all the time now (ask any software company or lab creating applications). That the English word “demonstration” also happens to have a completely different meaning having to do with political protests where large groups of people assemble for a redress of grievances, is mere coincidence.* I do not have time to get into a whole course on semiotics, but for the purposes here, words exist in both a cultural and social context. It is not a stretch to assume that the political meaning of a word in one context can have implications for other uses of the word. In fact, this is a common understanding accepted by numerous historians, scholars, and linguists. For instance, in Elaine Taylor May in *Homeword* *Bound, she* talks about the dual meaning of the word "containment" during the Cold War. While you may disagree with such research, dismissing it so casually without contending with the long list of scholarly literature on it is disingenuous. *Would the presence of a male collaborator be an inconvenient truth, weakening Rankin’s arguments, necessitating his omission?* No, because Rankin's argument works more or less the same with or without a male collaborator. In your defense though, it is interesting to note. *As for the role gender played in the PLATO lab, and in the development of the Boneyard Creek lesson, Lamont says there was none. “It wasn’t what your gender was, it was what you were doing. Nobody seemed to care whether I was a male or female.”* Research on gender, race, class, etc. have continuously shown that statements where identity markers are downplayed tend to perpetuate dominant structures that benefit, usually white, straight, upper to middle-class, males. The hiding of gender during this time period only lends more credit to Rankin's argument that gender was seen as taboo, downplayed, and irrelevant. Given the broader historical context of attempts to prop up the nuclear family during the post-World War II era and similar rhetoric to downplay both the Civil Rights, LGBT Rights, and women's rights movements during this time, it is reasonable to assume that PLATO perpetuated similar patriarchal norms. *What evidence gave Rankin the ability to know what Donald Bitzer “thought,” when she declares that he “thought, what could be better than having a bunch of nurses…”? We do not know. What evidence gave Rankin insight into Donald Bitzer’s motivations? We do not know. It must be compelling evidence because Rankin not only knows what “Donald” (note the first-name basis) was thinking, but she declares that “nurturing, soft femininity” was “precisely [emphasis added] what Donald sought to make PLATO more broadly appealing.” What document proves this? What interview? We do not know.* I do not know why I am supposed to "note" the first name, but it is common practice when discussing two people with the same last name. Also, the rest seem to be nitpicking terminology. I do not believe that Joy or anyone around her believes that she knows what Donald Blitzer "thought" in a telepathic sense. *Is Rankin arguing that it would have been better if the nurses been kept away from PLATO? * No... *How did Rankin manage to get a wholly different story about Maryann Bitzer? We do not know. What we do know is that the story and the motivations of the Bitzers that Rankin presents in the SIGCIS talk appear to be based on speculation as I cannot find any documentary or oral history evidence that Donald and Maryann Bitzer set out to exploit nurses — not to mention their own marriage — in some nefarious patriarchal scheme to promote PLATO. The assertion is frankly absurd.* We can not both "not know" how Rankin got a different story about Maryann Blitzer and "know" that her story is based on speculation. They are self-contradictory. As for the argument that heteronormative marriages exerted privilege during post-World War II America strikes me as so blatantly obvious that it doesn't require a lot of defense. Nonetheless, there is numerous works in queer theory that provide a more thorough understanding if you are interested, see the works of Michael Warner in particular. *How does the fact that these two people were married have anything to do with anything? Has Dr. Rankin ever met the Bitzers? What is she basing her case on? We do not know. Unless Rankin has compelling documentary evidence to the contrary, her assertions must be seen as regrettably inaccurate, amounting to strange and possibly defamatory insinuations, and standing on questionable ethical ground.* See above. *The reader is invited to read the response above by a user named “al” of group “mflu” and identify what makes it an example of the sexism that Rankin alleges was “pervasive” on the PLATO system. Rankin correctly points out that Ruth “had clearly explained in her original post that she wanted to remain on the Users List so that her collaborators could easily each her.” But is that sexism?* Given the responses I read, yes. *Could it have been possible that “AL” (are those initials, or someone’s name? we do not know) might not have read or remembered that detail in Ruth’s original note? Is there a person alive today who has participated in online communications who has not skimmed someone else’s forum posting, social media newsfeed, or email? Occam’s Razor would suggest that even forty-three years ago, “AL” simply skimmed Ruth’s note, then skimmed the gist of the rest of the replies, and posted his or her note (at 12:48 am in the middle of the night). That was completely normal in the daily PLATO experience. There were too many notes to read, and it could take many hours if you did not skim. (Something that only by interviewing actual PLATO users would one likely discover.) Encountering a wall of text on PLATO — and face it, a long note like Ruth’s (and “AL”’s) are walls of text — was no different forty-three years ago than it is today. This article you are reading right now is a gigantic wall of text, after all (and I am impressed you’ve gotten this far). Occam’s Razor suggests a simple case of TL;DR on AL’s part, and the consequences that arise from TL;DR, not any sort of learned patriarchal hatred of women or even simple rudeness. Unless Rankin successfully contacted the mysterious AL and got a first-hand explanation (I was unable to figure out who AL is so I could not), we do not know.* I don't even know what to make of this. Considering that you have written a huge blog post about the way that Joy reads modern Internet norms into the past, it is strange that you claim to know how the author of a random post over forty years ago "skimmed" it. Also, it comes off as dismissing the behavior. *Asking women who used PLATO in the 1970s will tell you that invariably the callers were teenagers running amok on the system. Imagine handing out mobile phones to teens in the 1970s, phones that had a feature that listed all the people who also had phones, with an easy facility to call them immediately. It does not take much imagination to figure out what would happen next.* Are teenagers not supposed to be responsible for their actions? I wish my parents had known this when I was a teenager. *To judge how people communicated in an online forum in 1974 through an extremely narrow gender-studies lens of 2017 not to mention a lens that is accustomed to looking at the world of today where billions of people spend many of their waking hours online, an online world where norms and customs about online behavior, including notions of what to expect from others online, have long been established and etched into unspoken law (but are still widely ignored), is to mischaracterize how things were in the historical period under examination, and ends up potentially misleading present-day people hoping to gain some insight into the history of PLATO.* See my response to your paragraph on skimming posts. *It must be mentioned that Dr. Rankin describes “Al, Don, and Bruce,” three users who responded to Ruth’s note, as “white adult men.” How did she arrive at that conclusion? It could not be from simply reading the text of an archive of a 43-year-old computer message forum thread: no such information is to be found there. Therefore, one must ask, what information did Dr. Rankin rely on for that assertion? Did she contact the three of them, if still alive all now theoretically in their sixties or older, and verify their skin color? We do not know.* Given the screen names, the demographics of PLATO, and the responses, it is a fairly well supported assertion. It is the same assertion you make when you describe the original responder to Ruth's posts as men. *This is not the first time a PhD has criticized, if not outright condemned, the PLATO system. In the late 1980s and early 1990s Douglas Noble was pursuing his PhD at the University of Rochester where he did his dissertation on the PLATO system, resulting in a subsequent book, The Classroom Arsenal, based on the dissertation. He relied on articles, documents, and oral histories at the same university archive that Dr. Rankin used, but, when asked in an interview I conducted in 2012, he admitted that he never met or interviewed or otherwise communicated with any PLATO people directly, including Donald Bitzer.** I basically have no idea what Douglas Noble has to do with any of this or why his anti-war activities are relevant to Joy's conference talk. On Mon, May 22, 2017 at 11:01 PM, M. Hicks <mhicks1(a)iit.edu> wrote: > Yes--I heartily agree with Chris. Joy and others who are working on > ignored or suppressed issues are welcome in the SIGCIS and our group > benefits greatly from their work. > > I vividly remember how, when I came to my first SIGCIS in 2005 (at the > insistence of of dissertation advisor), I was scared stiff that folks would > think I wasn't doing "real" computing history because I was focusing on > women, and labor, and had a feminist approach. I was relieved to find this > was not the case, and I was endlessly thankful for Jen Light and Nathan > Ensmenger, who came up to me and heartily welcomed me to the group not in > spite of what I was working on but rather because of it. Over the years > many other SIGCISers have been invaluable supporters of my work and have > helped me in all aspects of my career. And yet, until recently, my topic > and approach made me somewhat of an outlier, and I was always slightly > nervous. > > Things have changed over the years and I hope the SIGCIS has gotten to be > an easier place to be for folks who are telling new stories that we need to > hear. As Vice Chair USA of the SIGCIS, and one of the organizers of Command > Lines, I want to publicly go on record as saying Joy and scholars like her > are welcome in the SIGCIS and folks who are trying to write histories that > center previously-ignored or suppressed issues should not be subject to > attempts to suppress their work within our group. > > Joy Rankin is a member of the SIGCIS and a careful scholar. She does not > deserve a response like your Medium post, Brian, which quite frankly reads > like a personal attack coming from someone with different political views. > Many of your points miscategorize her work and misunderstand what she's > said. What you've posted, Brian, is also pretty ironic, given that Joy's > whole point is that this history has been suppressed. She is trying to > correct the record and enhance our understanding. > > Those of us who work on previously "hidden histories" contend with a lot > of doubt and a lot of pushback. The SIGCIS is here to support them as they > do their work, not tear them down. > > In solidarity, > > Marie Hicks > SIGCIS Vice-Chair (USA) > Co-organizer of Command Lines (with David Brock, Laine Nooney, and Andy > Russell) > ______________________ > Marie Hicks, Ph.D. > Asst. Professor, History of Technology > Illinois Institute of Technology > Chicago, IL USA > mhicks1(a)iit.edu | mariehicks.net <http://www.mariehicks.net/> | > @histoftech <http://twitter.com/histoftech> > *Programmed Inequality: How Britain Discarded Women Technologists and Lost > Its Edge in Computing* (MIT Press, 2017) > www.programmedinequality.com > > > On May 23, 2017, at 3:36 AM, Sarah T. Roberts <sarah.roberts(a)ucla.edu> > wrote: > > I couldn't agree more. Thank you, Chris. > --- > > S a r a h T. R o b e r t s, P h. D. > > Assistant Professor > University of California, Los Angeles > Department of Information Studies > Graduate School of Education & Information Studies > https://is.gseis.ucla.edu/ > > Blogging periodically at > http://illusionofvolition.com > > On May 22, 2017, at 19:06, Christopher Leslie <chris.leslie(a)nyu.edu> > wrote: > > Dear Brian, > > I am perplexed by your lengthy attack on Joy Rankin's presentation. The > author of a book, you castigate a scholar's 20-minute presentation. Most > incredibly. Yyu criticize her for being ignorant of history, but at the > same time, you do not consider your ignorance of gender studies to be a > problem. This is the exact problem with privilege that SIGCIS and other > groups are contending with. > > It's no longer a secret that there were a lot of women in computing. From > Jennifer Light to Hidden Figures, we are sure that women were there. > Recently, Marie Hicks has given us a solid study of how the women were > filtered out through procedure and system. It is not that computing was > from the start hostile to women, but it does seem as if as it developed it > became so. This is in line with what other feminist historians of science > have noticed (cf. Schiebinger's comment about the number of female > astronomers). An analysis of this process is sorely needed. > > By the way, only a man could say that an attack on a woman was not > important because others spoke up to protest. You might be interested in > the rich and growing literature on microagreessions and how they impact > diversity in STEM. Given the pervasive interest in enhancing diversity in > computing and STEM more generally, I am uncertain why you feel PLATO or > other projects have something to lose by contending with the experience of > women in the field. > > I applaud Rankin and others for their solid work in this difficult area. > Their findings are not, as you suggest, anomalous misreadings of history. > Contending with the pervasive and persistent sexism (and other isms) in > STEM will be the challenge of the current generation of scholars. I feel > lucky to be at NYU, where such conversations are at least entertained > without polemical attacks. Your screed, though, shows how far the > profession has to go. > > Chris Leslie > > > > On Mon, May 22, 2017 at 8:03 PM, Brian Dear <brian(a)platohistory.org> > wrote: > >> The link below is my in-depth response to a presentation given by Dr. Joy >> Rankin entitled “Performing Gender on PLATO” at the recent SIGCIS Command >> Line conference held at the Computer History Museum this past March. >> >> https://medium.com/@brianstorms/performing-history-on- >> plato-4c501b8f2068 >> >> Many assertions were made in that presentation that concerned me greatly >> and I felt it necessary to not only write up a detailed response based on >> my own decades’ worth of research into the history of the PLATO system and >> its community, but also I sought out and included comments from former >> PLATO people who were named in Dr. Rankin’s talk, about the presentation >> and the claims made therein. Every single PLATO person I contacted shared >> the same concerns. >> >> I welcome thoughts from fellow SIGCIS members. >> >> - Brian >> >> Brian Dear >> PLATO History Project >> Santa Fe, NM >> brian(a)platohistory.org >> >> >> >> >> >> _______________________________________________ >> This email is relayed from members at sigcis.org, the email discussion >> list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member >> posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list >> archives are at http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/ >> and you can change your subscription options at >> http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org > > > > > -- > Christopher S. Leslie, Ph.D. > Co-Director and Lecturer, Science and Technology Studies > Faculty Fellow in Residence for Othmer Hall and Clark Street > Chair, IFIP History of Computing Working Group 9.7 > > NYU Tandon School of Engineering > 5 MetroTech Center, LC 131 > Brooklyn, NY 11201 > (646) 997-3130 > > _______________________________________________ > This email is relayed from members at sigcis.org, the email discussion > list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member > posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list > archives are at http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/ and > you can change your subscription options at http://lists.sigcis.org/ > listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org > > _______________________________________________ > This email is relayed from members at sigcis.org, the email discussion > list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member > posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list > archives are at http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/ and > you can change your subscription options at http://lists.sigcis.org/ > listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org > > _______________________________________________ > This email is relayed from members at sigcis.org, the email discussion > list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member > posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list > archives are at http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/ and > you can change your subscription options at http://lists.sigcis.org/ > listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org >

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Jean Sammett passes away
by Dag Spicer 23 May '17

23 May '17

A true legend… who just recently made it into “Glamor” magazine, of all things! Jean Sammet passed away on May 21, 2017 at the age of 88. http://www.glamour.com/story/when-jean-e-sammet-learned-to-code-steve-jobs-… Dag — Dag Spicer Senior Curator Computer History Museum 1401 N Shoreline Blvd Mountain View, CA 94043

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A response to a SIGCIS Command Line panel session presentation on PLATO
by Brian Dear 23 May '17

23 May '17

The link below is my in-depth response to a presentation given by Dr. Joy Rankin entitled “Performing Gender on PLATO” at the recent SIGCIS Command Line conference held at the Computer History Museum this past March. https://medium.com/@brianstorms/performing-history-on-plato-4c501b8f2068 Many assertions were made in that presentation that concerned me greatly and I felt it necessary to not only write up a detailed response based on my own decades’ worth of research into the history of the PLATO system and its community, but also I sought out and included comments from former PLATO people who were named in Dr. Rankin’s talk, about the presentation and the claims made therein. Every single PLATO person I contacted shared the same concerns. I welcome thoughts from fellow SIGCIS members. - Brian Brian Dear PLATO History Project Santa Fe, NM brian(a)platohistory.org

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Women of ENIAC Story
by Brian Berg 22 May '17

22 May '17

Here is a Women of the ENIAC story. I'd like to hear Thomas Haigh's response to this story, particularly re: the Walter Isaacson NPR story <http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2014/10/06/345799830/the-forg…> link as compared with his *ENIAC in Action <https://mitpress.mit.edu/ENIAC>* book. A reminder that Thomas gave a wonderful talk about the Women programmers of the ENIAC - and particularly about the "Other Women" who actually built the ENIAC - for the IEEE Silicon Valley History Committee in March, whose slides are here <http://sites.ieee.org/sv-techhist/files/2017/04/Presentation20170320-ENIAC_…> and whose video is here <https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL3MXnVUbT1wSmXwaiHVmtPu6mMUMBjt-d>. Women pioneered computer programming. Then men took their industry over. How “computer girls” gave way to tech bros <https://timeline.com/women-pioneered-computer-programming-then-men-took-the…> [image: Josh O’Connor] <https://medium.com/@baradifi?source=email-b2578a559d74-1495464222977-digest…> Josh O’Connor <https://medium.com/@baradifi> in Timeline <https://timeline.com/> 5 min read _________________________ Brian A. Berg / bberg(a)StanfordAlumni.org Berg Software Design 14500 Big Basin Way, Suite F, Saratoga, CA 95070 USA Voice: 408.741.5010 / Cell: 408.568.2505 Consulting: Flash Memory/USB/Storage/Patents visit the Storage Cornucopia: www.bswd.com FMS Technical Chair: www.FlashMemorySummit.com <http://www.flashmemorysummit.com/> IEEE Milestone <http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Milestones:List_of_IEEE_Milestones> Coordinator for Region 6 <http://www.ieee-region6.org/> IEEE SCV Section <http://www.ewh.ieee.org/r6/scv/> Chair (2012) / IEEE-CNSV <http://www.californiaconsultants.org/> Board Director IEEE SCV History Committee <http://www.siliconvalleyhistory.com/> Chair

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Fwd: News - Virtual Lorenz - Experience wartime crypto communications on the web
by Brian Randell 21 May '17

21 May '17

Hi: This press release leads to recently-released working online implementations of the Colossus and of the Lorenz cipher machine that the Colossus was used against. Cheers Brian Randell Begin forwarded message: From: Stephen Fleming <stephen.fleming(a)palam.co.uk<mailto:stephen.fleming@palam.co.uk>> Subject: News - Virtual Lorenz - Experience wartime crypto communications on the web Date: 15 May 2017 at 10:07:42 BST To: <brian.randell(a)ncl.ac.uk<mailto:brian.randell@ncl.ac.uk>> Reply-To: <stephen.fleming(a)palam.co.uk<mailto:stephen.fleming@palam.co.uk>> NEWS RELEASE Experience wartime crypto communications on the web Virtual Lorenz revealed in tribute to Bill Tutte and wartime codebreakers 15 May 2017 A Virtual Lorenz that can be used by anyone wanting to experience sending and receiving top secret Second World War communications was unveiled at The National Museum of Computing in celebration of the centenary of Bill Tutte, the man who unravelled the secrets of Hitler’s most secret encryption device. Thought to be unbreakable, Lorenz encryption was used in the top-secret teletype communications of the German High Command during the Second World War. But the ingenious work of Bill Tutte at Bletchley Park unravelled the mysteries of the highly complex twelve-rotor Lorenz SZ42 machine even though he never saw the device until after the war. Tutte’s work, often regarded as the greatest intellectual feat of the war, shortened the conflict by enabling the decryption of the enemy’s strategic messages on a regular basis - and very rapidly with the help of Colossus computers. At the Bill Tutte centenary event, Martin Gillow unveiled his creation of a Virtual Lorenz that runs on the web and can be used by anyone with internet access. Looking, operating and even sounding uncannily like a real Lorenz SZ42, virtual start wheels appear in 3D and whirr and as they are set, teletype chattering noises are heard as communications are exchanged and the encrypted and unencrypted text appears on screen as messages are sent and received. Even the Ablesetafel used to establish the start wheel settings is represented. In practice, the Virtual Lorenz is easier to use than its wartime real-time equivalent. For full story and pictures, please see: http://www.tnmoc.org/news/news-releases/virtual-lorenz — School of Computing Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU EMAIL = Brian.Randell(a)ncl.ac.uk<mailto:Brian.Randell@ncl.ac.uk> PHONE = +44 191 208 7923 URL = http://www.ncl.ac.uk/computing/people/profile/brianrandell.html

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Inaugural issue of "Internet Histories" journal now online and in print
by Marc Weber 20 May '17

20 May '17

Dear SIGCISers, I’m very pleased to say the inaugural issue of the new journal INTERNET HISTORIES <http://tandfonline.com/loi/rint20>, published by Taylor and Francis, is now available online and in print. Andy Russell and Janet Abbate have articles in the issue (as do I) I’m on the editorial board and the journal is looking for additional submissions at: http://www.tandfonline.com/action/authorSubmission?show=instructions&journa… <http://www.tandfonline.com/action/authorSubmission?show=instructions&journa…>. You can also submit a proposal for a special issue here: http://www.tandfonline.com/action/authorSubmission?show=instructions&journa… <http://www.tandfonline.com/action/authorSubmission?show=instructions&journa… issues>. Managing Editor Niels Brügger is also interested in publishing interviews with people who have played key roles in internet histories, from all over the world. There are two launch events, one in North America, at the ICA Conference in San Diego later this month, and one in Europe, at the RESAW conference in London in June: — https://convention2.allacademic.com/one/ica/ica17/index.php?cmd=Online+Prog… <https://convention2.allacademic.com/one/ica/ica17/index.php?cmd=Online+Prog…> — https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1c_NdYRW2QugIOgPILAu9qo0Zh9-X8YJRWeC… <https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1c_NdYRW2QugIOgPILAu9qo0Zh9-X8YJRWeC…> Best regards, Marc Marc Weber <http://www.computerhistory.org/staff/Marc,Weber/> | marc(a)webhistory.org <mailto:marc@webhistory.org> | +1 415 282 6868 Curatorial Director, Internet History Program, Computer History Museum 1401 N Shoreline Blvd., Mountain View CA 94043 computerhistory.org/nethistory <http://computerhistory.org/nethistory> Co-founder, Web History Center and Project, webhistory.org <http://webhistory.org/>

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On History, Trump and the Washington Post
by Bernardo Batiz-Lazo 18 May '17

18 May '17

In case you’ve missed it, you might be interested in this article that uses research on organisational communication by JoAnne Yates (MIT) (which crosses business and technological history .. and is well known by computer historians) to frame the current debate around President Trump and ex-FBI Director Comey: James Comey’s memo has shaken a presidency. Here’s why memos have always mattered. by Michael S. Rosenwald, Washington Post, May 17, 2017. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/05/17/james-comeys-m… Best wishes Bernardo Bangor University (Wales) PS the article and JoAnne’s work also got the “thumps up” by Nobel Laureate Paul Krugman in Twitter: https://twitter.com/paulkrugman/status/865007659409326080

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Announcement: Paper on history of functional programming
by Mark Priestley 17 May '17

17 May '17

Hello Sigcis - The journal "Minds and Machines" is not the first place you'd normally look for historical writing, so let me draw your attention to my recent paper "AI and the Origins of the Functional Programming Style". More information available here <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11023-017-9432-7>. Cheers, Mark

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AAC/CFP : "Unix in Europe : between innovation, diffusion and heritage" with right link
by Camille Paloque-Berges 15 May '17

15 May '17

Dear all, Apparently the link wasn't working. Here is one that should do : http://technique-societe.cnam.fr/international-symposium-unix-in-europe-bet… Very best, Camille 2017-05-15 17:48 GMT+02:00 Camille Paloque-Berges <camille.pb(a)gmail.com>: > Dear all, > > Please find enclosed the CFP for the symposium *"Unix in Europe: between > innovation, diffusion and heritage"* that will take place in Cnam (Paris, > France), October, 19th, 2017. > > A one-page abstract (maximum 500 words) with a short biography is expected > for June 30th 2017. > > The Cfp is also available at : > <http://technique-societe.cnam.fr/international-symposium-un > ix-in-europe-between-innovation-diffusion-and-heritage-91300 > 9.kjsp?RH=cdhte>. > > Best regards, > > The organization comitee : Isabelle Astic, Raphaël Fournier-S'niehotta, > Pierre-Eric Mounier-Kuhn, Camille Paloque-Berges, Loïc Petitgirard > > ------------------------------------------------------------ > > > *Call for contributions* > > *International symposium * > > *Unix in Europe: between innovation, diffusion and heritage* > > *Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France – October 19 > 2017* > > > > Communications and discussions will be held in French or English. > > > *Rationale* > > > The Unix system was born in the 1970s at the crossroads between two > interacting worlds: industry (the Bell Labs at AT&T) and academia (the > University of Berkeley computer science network). Its fast adoption > throughout computer research and engineering networks across the world > signaled the future success of the new system, fostering software > experiments within its open, multi-user and multi-tasking system running on > mini-computers – and later compatible with a larger part of computer > hardware. In the European context, how was this American innovation > propagated, adopted and adapted? Why was Unix of so much interest in this > context, then and now? A solid culture of Unix users might also explain > this success, as well as subsequent processes of appropriation and > inheritance, due to the long and complex history of Unix versioning. The > memory of Unix users is vivid indeed, fed by early accounts within the > computer world (Salus, 1994) as well as preservation initiatives (Toomey, > 2010). Moreover, the Unix system is a crucial reference in the history of > computing, in particular in the field of free and open source software > (Kelty, 2008), computer networks (Paloque-Berges, 2017), as well as in > programming language philosophy (Mélès, 2013). > > > In order to explore the variety of these interrogations, this symposium > encourages contributions from historians as well as philosophers, social > science researchers, and heritage professionals interested in the history > of computer open systems and software with a focus on Unix or who have a > wider perspective. It will also welcome protagonists and witnesses of Unix > culture and carriers of its memory. We wish to discuss and shed light on > several aspects of the development of Unix in Europe (including in > comparison or relation with the rest of the world) along three main lines: > historical and sociological, philosophical and epistemological, and > heritage- and preservation-oriented. > > > *1/ Historical and sociological perspectives* > > > Historically, the Unix system is linked to the promotion and development > in research on open systems and computer networks. How does this fit in the > context of industrial, scientific and technological policies defined at the > national and European level? The history of Unix thus reaches at least > three levels of interrogations: 1/ the forms, places and practices of > innovation around Unix in R&D labs and computing centers in companies, > schools and universities; 2/ planning, promoting and negotiating open > systems (norms and standards) from the perspective of science and/or > politics; 3/ international geopolitical relations, whether economical or > geopolitical and even geostrategic (for example between Unix users, with > users of other computer equipment or other hardware and software companies, > the role of embargos in the shipping of mini-computers, of code, and > military uses of Unix). > > > In parallel, how has the world of computer research welcomed, encouraged, > negotiated and propagated uses and innovations related to Unix systems? > This begs the question of how Unix-related research and development was > legitimized - or played a part in the legitimization of computer science > experimentalism in the scientific field and beyond. We would also like to > highlight practices of resistance, the failure to acknowledge, ignorance of > or even the limits of the Unix system, its software tools and hardware > environment (beginning with the famous PDP and Vax machines from Digital > Equipment where the first Unix versions were implemented). With a focus on > occupational computer uses, we call for analysis which aims to explore and > clarify: > > - the role of developers, users, and user associations – from the point of > view of pioneers as well as helpers, maintainers and other witnesses of the > implementation of Unix; > > - the context, process, and people who determined its propagation, > appropriation, and development over time; > > - the meaning of concepts of Unix philosophy and ethics such as “openness” > and “autonomy”, from a social, political or economic point of view. > > > *2. Philosophical and epistemological perspectives* > > > > We will foster research and reflection at the crossroad of the theoretical > foundations of computer systems and engineering pragmatism, between the > philosophy of computer systems and Unixian practices. > > > > Protagonists in the conception and diffusion of Unix often claim to have a > ‘Unix philosophy’ . But beyond statement of principle, what was the real > influence of this idea on the technical choices underlying the system’s > developments? What are the ethical, moral, and philosophical motivations – > alongside the social, political or economic dimensions discussed earlier – > underpinning the adoption of Unix or pretending to extend it (for instance > in relation to the notions of sharing, modularity or freedom)? How is the > idea of ‘openness’ attached to Unix practices and heritage (free software, > open source) conceived? What are the theoretical developments to be drawn > from it (for instance with the idea of open software)? > > > > The logical and mathematical foundations of Unix should be readdressed. Do > the fundamental concepts of Unix have an ontological or metaphysical > significance beyond the sole research aim of technical efficiency? What > role do aesthetics play in the formulation of general principles and > technical choices? How can we analyze programming languages such as C and > its successors, scripts, software, and generally speaking, the > proliferating source codes of Unix? How do we consider the system, the > software environment, as well as the hardware in which Unix is implemented > and executed? > > > > Such philosophical questions also cover the modalities of the transmission > of Unix, extending to the investigation of the respective roles of theory > and practice in the teaching of the system, the teaching of knowledge and > tools underlying the system or supporting the system. > > > > *3. Unix heritage and ‘heritagization’* > > > > France is now the home to multiple initiatives taking place to build and > preserve a material and immaterial heritage of computer science and > technology – such as ‘Software Heritage’ at INRIA, a global software > archive in progress. The Museum of Arts et Métiers gave impetus to the MINF > initiative (‘Pour un Musée de l’informatique et du numérique’) and > coordinates the ‘Patstec Mission’ dealing with contemporary scientific and > technological heritage preservation, including computer science. At an > international scale and with a grassroots perspective carried by the > community of Unix users, the TUHS (The Unix Heritage Society) demonstrates > the current interest in the specific heritage linked to Unix. We encourage > reflections on this heritage and its specific features: > > > > - What is the place of Unix in the construction of computer science > heritage? Is it possible to map Unix systems and their heritage, from the > standpoint of machines, languages and software? What has already been > collected? What corpus, data bases, and/or platforms with a patrimonial > mission are concerned with Unix and to what purpose? > > - How are the questions of training, constitution and diffusion of a Unix > culture incorporated in the effort to collect heritage? How do we evaluate > and put forward the importance of immaterial heritage attached to Unix, > considering the effects of community and memory in its history and for the > writing of its history? > > - What are the practices and modalities advocated by the unixian heritage > itself? What has been its influence on the field of computer engineering > and research as well as diverse fields such as: popularization of science > and technology, ‘hacker’ movements and many ‘maker’ practices today > (Lallement, 2016)? > > > *Schedules* > > Please send a one-page abstract (maximum 500 words) with a short biography > by June 30, 2017 to: camille.paloque-berges(a)cnam.fr > <camille.paloque-berges(a)lecnam.net> and loic.petitgirard(a)cnam.fr. > Accepted contributions and speakers will be notified by July 15, 2017. > > > *Organizing committee* > > Isabelle Astic (Musée des arts et métiers) > > Raphaël Fournier-S’niehotta (Cédric, Cnam) > > Pierre-Eric Mounier-Kuhn (CRM, Paris 1) > > Camille Paloque-Berges (HT2S, Cnam) > > Loïc Petitgirard (HT2S, Cnam) > > > *Scientific committee * > > François Anceau (UMPC-LIP6) > > Pierre Cubaud (Cédric, Cnam) > > Liesbeth de Mol (STL, Lille 3) > > Claudine Fontanon (CAK, EHESS) > > Gérald Kembellec (DICEN, Cnam) > > Baptiste Mélès (Archives Henri Poincaré, CNRS) > > Giuseppe Primiero (Middlesex University) > > Lionel Tabourier (LIP6, Paris 6) > > > *Institutional partners and support: * > > - Project « Hist.Pat.info.Cnam », HT2S, Cnam – Research program supported > by the Excellence laboratory History and Anthropology of Knoweldge, > Technics and Beliefs (HASTEC), and in partnership with the laboratories > CEDRIC (Cnam), DICEN (Cnam), and the Center Alexandre Koyré (EHESS). > > - « Histoire de l’informatique » (« History of computing » seminar) > seminar - (Musée des arts et métiers, CRM, Paris 1, UMPC-LIP6) > > - « Source code » seminar - (CNRS, Cnam, Université Paris 6). > > With support from the DHST/DLMPST for the History and Philosophy of > Computing (HAPOC) > > > *Bibliography * > > Kelty, Christopher M. 2008. *Two Bits: The Cultural Significance of Free > Software*. Durham: Duke University Press Books. > > > > Lallement, Michel. 2016. *L’âge du faire, *Seuil. > > > > Mélès, Baptiste. 2003. « Unix selon l’ordre des raisons : la philosophie > de la pratique informatique ». *Philosophia Scientiæ* 17 (3): 181‑98. > > > > Salus, Peter H. 1994. *A quarter century of UNIX*. Addison-Wesley. > Reading. > > > > Toomey, Warren. 2010. « First Edition Unix: Its Creation and > Restoration ». *IEEE Annals of the History of Computing* 32 (3): 74‑82. > > > > >

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AAC/CFP : "Unix en Europe : entre innovation, diffusion et héritage"
by Camille Paloque-Berges 15 May '17

15 May '17

Dear all, Please find enclosed the CFP for the symposium *"Unix in Europe: between innovation, diffusion and heritage"* that will take place in Cnam (Paris, France), October, 19th, 2017. A one-page abstract (maximum 500 words) with a short biography is expected for June 30th 2017. The Cfp is also available at : <http://technique-societe.cnam.fr/international-symposium-un ix-in-europe-between-innovation-diffusion-and-heritage-913009.kjsp?RH=cdhte >. Best regards, The organization comitee : Isabelle Astic, Raphaël Fournier-S'niehotta, Pierre-Eric Mounier-Kuhn, Camille Paloque-Berges, Loïc Petitgirard ------------------------------------------------------------ *Call for contributions* *International symposium * *Unix in Europe: between innovation, diffusion and heritage* *Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France – October 19 2017* Communications and discussions will be held in French or English. *Rationale* The Unix system was born in the 1970s at the crossroads between two interacting worlds: industry (the Bell Labs at AT&T) and academia (the University of Berkeley computer science network). Its fast adoption throughout computer research and engineering networks across the world signaled the future success of the new system, fostering software experiments within its open, multi-user and multi-tasking system running on mini-computers – and later compatible with a larger part of computer hardware. In the European context, how was this American innovation propagated, adopted and adapted? Why was Unix of so much interest in this context, then and now? A solid culture of Unix users might also explain this success, as well as subsequent processes of appropriation and inheritance, due to the long and complex history of Unix versioning. The memory of Unix users is vivid indeed, fed by early accounts within the computer world (Salus, 1994) as well as preservation initiatives (Toomey, 2010). Moreover, the Unix system is a crucial reference in the history of computing, in particular in the field of free and open source software (Kelty, 2008), computer networks (Paloque-Berges, 2017), as well as in programming language philosophy (Mélès, 2013). In order to explore the variety of these interrogations, this symposium encourages contributions from historians as well as philosophers, social science researchers, and heritage professionals interested in the history of computer open systems and software with a focus on Unix or who have a wider perspective. It will also welcome protagonists and witnesses of Unix culture and carriers of its memory. We wish to discuss and shed light on several aspects of the development of Unix in Europe (including in comparison or relation with the rest of the world) along three main lines: historical and sociological, philosophical and epistemological, and heritage- and preservation-oriented. *1/ Historical and sociological perspectives* Historically, the Unix system is linked to the promotion and development in research on open systems and computer networks. How does this fit in the context of industrial, scientific and technological policies defined at the national and European level? The history of Unix thus reaches at least three levels of interrogations: 1/ the forms, places and practices of innovation around Unix in R&D labs and computing centers in companies, schools and universities; 2/ planning, promoting and negotiating open systems (norms and standards) from the perspective of science and/or politics; 3/ international geopolitical relations, whether economical or geopolitical and even geostrategic (for example between Unix users, with users of other computer equipment or other hardware and software companies, the role of embargos in the shipping of mini-computers, of code, and military uses of Unix). In parallel, how has the world of computer research welcomed, encouraged, negotiated and propagated uses and innovations related to Unix systems? This begs the question of how Unix-related research and development was legitimized - or played a part in the legitimization of computer science experimentalism in the scientific field and beyond. We would also like to highlight practices of resistance, the failure to acknowledge, ignorance of or even the limits of the Unix system, its software tools and hardware environment (beginning with the famous PDP and Vax machines from Digital Equipment where the first Unix versions were implemented). With a focus on occupational computer uses, we call for analysis which aims to explore and clarify: - the role of developers, users, and user associations – from the point of view of pioneers as well as helpers, maintainers and other witnesses of the implementation of Unix; - the context, process, and people who determined its propagation, appropriation, and development over time; - the meaning of concepts of Unix philosophy and ethics such as “openness” and “autonomy”, from a social, political or economic point of view. *2. Philosophical and epistemological perspectives* We will foster research and reflection at the crossroad of the theoretical foundations of computer systems and engineering pragmatism, between the philosophy of computer systems and Unixian practices. Protagonists in the conception and diffusion of Unix often claim to have a ‘Unix philosophy’ . But beyond statement of principle, what was the real influence of this idea on the technical choices underlying the system’s developments? What are the ethical, moral, and philosophical motivations – alongside the social, political or economic dimensions discussed earlier – underpinning the adoption of Unix or pretending to extend it (for instance in relation to the notions of sharing, modularity or freedom)? How is the idea of ‘openness’ attached to Unix practices and heritage (free software, open source) conceived? What are the theoretical developments to be drawn from it (for instance with the idea of open software)? The logical and mathematical foundations of Unix should be readdressed. Do the fundamental concepts of Unix have an ontological or metaphysical significance beyond the sole research aim of technical efficiency? What role do aesthetics play in the formulation of general principles and technical choices? How can we analyze programming languages such as C and its successors, scripts, software, and generally speaking, the proliferating source codes of Unix? How do we consider the system, the software environment, as well as the hardware in which Unix is implemented and executed? Such philosophical questions also cover the modalities of the transmission of Unix, extending to the investigation of the respective roles of theory and practice in the teaching of the system, the teaching of knowledge and tools underlying the system or supporting the system. *3. Unix heritage and ‘heritagization’* France is now the home to multiple initiatives taking place to build and preserve a material and immaterial heritage of computer science and technology – such as ‘Software Heritage’ at INRIA, a global software archive in progress. The Museum of Arts et Métiers gave impetus to the MINF initiative (‘Pour un Musée de l’informatique et du numérique’) and coordinates the ‘Patstec Mission’ dealing with contemporary scientific and technological heritage preservation, including computer science. At an international scale and with a grassroots perspective carried by the community of Unix users, the TUHS (The Unix Heritage Society) demonstrates the current interest in the specific heritage linked to Unix. We encourage reflections on this heritage and its specific features: - What is the place of Unix in the construction of computer science heritage? Is it possible to map Unix systems and their heritage, from the standpoint of machines, languages and software? What has already been collected? What corpus, data bases, and/or platforms with a patrimonial mission are concerned with Unix and to what purpose? - How are the questions of training, constitution and diffusion of a Unix culture incorporated in the effort to collect heritage? How do we evaluate and put forward the importance of immaterial heritage attached to Unix, considering the effects of community and memory in its history and for the writing of its history? - What are the practices and modalities advocated by the unixian heritage itself? What has been its influence on the field of computer engineering and research as well as diverse fields such as: popularization of science and technology, ‘hacker’ movements and many ‘maker’ practices today (Lallement, 2016)? *Schedules* Please send a one-page abstract (maximum 500 words) with a short biography by June 30, 2017 to: camille.paloque-berges(a)cnam.fr <camille.paloque-berges(a)lecnam.net> and loic.petitgirard(a)cnam.fr. Accepted contributions and speakers will be notified by July 15, 2017. *Organizing committee* Isabelle Astic (Musée des arts et métiers) Raphaël Fournier-S’niehotta (Cédric, Cnam) Pierre-Eric Mounier-Kuhn (CRM, Paris 1) Camille Paloque-Berges (HT2S, Cnam) Loïc Petitgirard (HT2S, Cnam) *Scientific committee * François Anceau (UMPC-LIP6) Pierre Cubaud (Cédric, Cnam) Liesbeth de Mol (STL, Lille 3) Claudine Fontanon (CAK, EHESS) Gérald Kembellec (DICEN, Cnam) Baptiste Mélès (Archives Henri Poincaré, CNRS) Giuseppe Primiero (Middlesex University) Lionel Tabourier (LIP6, Paris 6) *Institutional partners and support: * - Project « Hist.Pat.info.Cnam », HT2S, Cnam – Research program supported by the Excellence laboratory History and Anthropology of Knoweldge, Technics and Beliefs (HASTEC), and in partnership with the laboratories CEDRIC (Cnam), DICEN (Cnam), and the Center Alexandre Koyré (EHESS). - « Histoire de l’informatique » (« History of computing » seminar) seminar - (Musée des arts et métiers, CRM, Paris 1, UMPC-LIP6) - « Source code » seminar - (CNRS, Cnam, Université Paris 6). With support from the DHST/DLMPST for the History and Philosophy of Computing (HAPOC) *Bibliography * Kelty, Christopher M. 2008. *Two Bits: The Cultural Significance of Free Software*. Durham: Duke University Press Books. Lallement, Michel. 2016. *L’âge du faire, *Seuil. Mélès, Baptiste. 2003. « Unix selon l’ordre des raisons : la philosophie de la pratique informatique ». *Philosophia Scientiæ* 17 (3): 181‑98. Salus, Peter H. 1994. *A quarter century of UNIX*. Addison-Wesley. Reading. Toomey, Warren. 2010. « First Edition Unix: Its Creation and Restoration ». *IEEE Annals of the History of Computing* 32 (3): 74‑82.

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