March 2012 - Members - lists.sigcis.org

Email "inventor" on Callie Crossley on WGBH right now
by Dave Walden 13 Mar '12

13 Mar '12

>Here is a link to that segment > >http://www.wgbh.org/programs/The-Callie-Crossley-Show-855/episodes/Mon-3121… >

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Email "inventor" on Callie Crossley on WGBH
by Dave Walden 12 Mar '12

12 Mar '12

>http://www.wgbh.org >http://www.wgbh.org/programs/The-Callie-Crossley-Show-855?MM=1

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Computer Security History
by Dave Walden 12 Mar '12

12 Mar '12

Hi, Following are two pointers to brief notes relating to computer security history: The interview of Willis Ware in the third 2011 issue of the Annals of the History of Computing mentions his work in the computer security policy area in a couple of the questions and answers. The BBN computing history book, A Culture of Innovation ( <http://walden-family.com/bbn/>http://walden-family.com/bbn/ ) mentions early work on security for computers communicating over packet-networks on pages 457 and 458 with many references to the technical literature on page 468. Best wishes, Dave At 03:42 AM 3/12/2012, John Paul Laprise wrote: >Content-Language: en-US >Content-Type: multipart/alternative; > >boundary="_000_BFA6A3B65665864DA42236EDFB2E09D733667EE0F0nuqmail1qatar_" > >Hi everyone, > >I've started a new thread due to a newly declassified document I >received in the (snail) mail yesterday. One of my FOIA requests >struck paydirt as the Ford Library declassified ><http://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0310/nsdm338.pdf>NSDM >(National Security Decision Memorandum) 338 "Further Improvements in >Telecommunications Security" dated 1 September 1976. In this >executive document then President Ford orders the now defunct Office >of Telecommunications Policy (OTP) with the Department of Defense >(DoD) and the National Security Agency (NSA) to take action and >develop further plans for protecting US telecommunications networks. > >By extension, this plan resulted in significant policy changes in >the US telecommunications market and ongoing cooperation between the >NSA and telecommunications companies from the beginning of deregulation. > >Best regards, > >John Laprise, Ph.D. >Visiting Assistant Professor ><http://www.qatar.northwestern.edu/>Northwestern University Qatar >P.O. Box 34102 >Doha, Qatar >+974 4454 5037 > > > >From: members-bounces(a)sigcis.org [mailto:members-bounces@sigcis.org] >On Behalf Of Subramanian, Ramesh Prof. >Sent: Monday, March 12, 2012 1:32 AM >To: members(a)sigcis.org >Subject: Re: [SIGCIS-Members] computer security history > >Hi all, >It is interesting to know about the CBI's on-going research on the >history of computer security. I just wanted to mention a closely >related topic which spans security and policy: information privacy. >It would be interesting to study the history and evolution of >privacy as related to information technologies. A few year ago I >wrote a paper on the evolution of privacy in India, but I wanted to >know if there is any similar work that's been done in this area. > >Regards, >-Ramesh > > >------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ >Ramesh Subramanian, Ph.D. >Gabriel Ferrucci Professor of Information Systems >Quinnipiac University >275 Mount Carmel Avenue >Hamden, CT 06518. >Email: <mailto:rameshs@quinnipiac.edu>rameshs(a)quinnipiac.edu >Web: ><http://www.quinnipiac.edu/x1288.xml?Person=23345&type=5>http://www.quinnipiac.edu/x1288.xml?Person=23345&type=5 >& >Visiting Fellow, Information Society Project >Yale Law School >127 Wall Street >New Haven, CT 06511. >Email: <mailto:ramesh.subramanian@yale.edu>ramesh.subramanian(a)yale.edu >Web: ><http://www.law.yale.edu/intellectuallife/9841.htm>http://www.law.yale.edu/intellectuallife/9841.htm >On 3/11/2012 2:53 PM, Jeffrey Yost wrote: >Jon, > >Very little research has been published to date on the history of >computer security. Given the lack of literature on this important >topic (and quality resources to study it), the Charles Babbage >Institute proposed and was funded for a three year National Science >Foundation-supported study to build infrastructure for computer >security history. We are just getting underway with this project >and will be conducting more than 30 in-depth career-spanning oral >history interviews with first generation computer security pioneers >(these will be transcribed, edited, and freely available--our >standard practice with CBI's oral history program). We will also be >actively engaging in archival collection development efforts for >computer security documentation (we already have some strong holding >such as the Willis Ware Papers and the Donn Parker Papers), and >will publish scholarship from this research project. An advisory >committee of leading computer security pioneers is providing >guidance to us on this project. > >Historian and Sociologist of Science Donald McKenzie did a few >important articles and book chapters--see his book Mechanizing Proof >and an article (co-authored w/ G. Pottinger) on high assurance >work w/in the DoD (primarily work by the Air Force and Air Force >contractors that helped lead to TCSEC or the Orange Book) published >in IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 19 (3) (1997): 41-59. > >Also, I did a survey book chapter on the history of computer >security standards in de Leeuw and Bergstra's book The History of >Information Security a few years ago. History of cryptography has >been far more thoroughly studied and has a significant secondary >literature (most of the chapters in the de Leeuw and Bergstra volume >are on this topic) and the NSA Cryptologic Museum sponsors a regular >conference/symposium on the history of cryptography. > >Cheers, >Jeff >On Sun, Mar 11, 2012 at 1:14 PM, Jon Lindsay ><<mailto:jrlindsay@ucsd.edu>jrlindsay(a)ucsd.edu> wrote: >Hello all, >I have the feeling that the history of computer security, from >hacking techniques to the evolution of the information security >industry to fearmongering over cybersecurity, is a somewhat >understudied area. I have seen some work on the development of >government policy and threat framing (i.e., by Myriam Dunn Cavelty) >but I'm less aware of anything on the evolution of the technical and >industrial dark arts. If there is some good work out there, I would >love to see it. >Bonus points if you can tell me when the awful phrase "digital pearl >harbor" first appeared! >Cheers, >Jon > > >_______________________________________________ >This email is relayed from ><mailto:members@sigcis.org>members(a)sigcis.org, the email discussion >list of SHOT SIGCIS. The list archives are at ><http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/>http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/ >and you can change your subscription options at ><http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members>http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members > > > >-- >Jeffrey R. Yost, Ph.D. >Associate Director, Charles Babbage Institute >Faculty, Program in the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine > >222 21st Avenue South >University of Minnesota >Minneapolis, MN 55455 > >612 624 5050 Phone >612 625 8054 Fax > >_______________________________________________ >This email is relayed from members(a)sigcis.org, the email discussion >list of SHOT SIGCIS. The list archives are at >http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/ and you can change your >subscription options at http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members -- home address: 12 Linden Rd., E. Sandwich, MA 02537 home ph=508-888-7655; cell ph = 503-757-3137 email address: dave(a)walden-family.com; website: <http://www.walden-family.com/bbn/>http://www.walden-family.com/bbn/

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Computer Security History & the US Government
by John Paul Laprise 12 Mar '12

12 Mar '12

Hi everyone, I've started a new thread due to a newly declassified document I received in the (snail) mail yesterday. One of my FOIA requests struck paydirt as the Ford Library declassified NSDM (National Security Decision Memorandum) 338 "Further Improvements in Telecommunications Security"<http://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0310/nsdm338.pdf> dated 1 September 1976. In this executive document then President Ford orders the now defunct Office of Telecommunications Policy (OTP) with the Department of Defense (DoD) and the National Security Agency (NSA) to take action and develop further plans for protecting US telecommunications networks. By extension, this plan resulted in significant policy changes in the US telecommunications market and ongoing cooperation between the NSA and telecommunications companies from the beginning of deregulation. Best regards, John Laprise, Ph.D. Visiting Assistant Professor Northwestern University Qatar<http://www.qatar.northwestern.edu/> P.O. Box 34102 Doha, Qatar +974 4454 5037 From: members-bounces(a)sigcis.org [mailto:members-bounces@sigcis.org] On Behalf Of Subramanian, Ramesh Prof. Sent: Monday, March 12, 2012 1:32 AM To: members(a)sigcis.org Subject: Re: [SIGCIS-Members] computer security history Hi all, It is interesting to know about the CBI's on-going research on the history of computer security. I just wanted to mention a closely related topic which spans security and policy: information privacy. It would be interesting to study the history and evolution of privacy as related to information technologies. A few year ago I wrote a paper on the evolution of privacy in India, but I wanted to know if there is any similar work that's been done in this area. Regards, -Ramesh ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ramesh Subramanian, Ph.D. Gabriel Ferrucci Professor of Information Systems Quinnipiac University 275 Mount Carmel Avenue Hamden, CT 06518. Email: rameshs(a)quinnipiac.edu<mailto:rameshs@quinnipiac.edu> Web: http://www.quinnipiac.edu/x1288.xml?Person=23345&type=5 & Visiting Fellow, Information Society Project Yale Law School 127 Wall Street New Haven, CT 06511. Email: ramesh.subramanian(a)yale.edu<mailto:ramesh.subramanian@yale.edu> Web: http://www.law.yale.edu/intellectuallife/9841.htm On 3/11/2012 2:53 PM, Jeffrey Yost wrote: Jon, Very little research has been published to date on the history of computer security. Given the lack of literature on this important topic (and quality resources to study it), the Charles Babbage Institute proposed and was funded for a three year National Science Foundation-supported study to build infrastructure for computer security history. We are just getting underway with this project and will be conducting more than 30 in-depth career-spanning oral history interviews with first generation computer security pioneers (these will be transcribed, edited, and freely available--our standard practice with CBI's oral history program). We will also be actively engaging in archival collection development efforts for computer security documentation (we already have some strong holding such as the Willis Ware Papers and the Donn Parker Papers), and will publish scholarship from this research project. An advisory committee of leading computer security pioneers is providing guidance to us on this project. Historian and Sociologist of Science Donald McKenzie did a few important articles and book chapters--see his book Mechanizing Proof and an article (co-authored w/ G. Pottinger) on high assurance work w/in the DoD (primarily work by the Air Force and Air Force contractors that helped lead to TCSEC or the Orange Book) published in IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 19 (3) (1997): 41-59. Also, I did a survey book chapter on the history of computer security standards in de Leeuw and Bergstra's book The History of Information Security a few years ago. History of cryptography has been far more thoroughly studied and has a significant secondary literature (most of the chapters in the de Leeuw and Bergstra volume are on this topic) and the NSA Cryptologic Museum sponsors a regular conference/symposium on the history of cryptography. Cheers, Jeff On Sun, Mar 11, 2012 at 1:14 PM, Jon Lindsay <jrlindsay(a)ucsd.edu<mailto:jrlindsay@ucsd.edu>> wrote: Hello all, I have the feeling that the history of computer security, from hacking techniques to the evolution of the information security industry to fearmongering over cybersecurity, is a somewhat understudied area. I have seen some work on the development of government policy and threat framing (i.e., by Myriam Dunn Cavelty) but I'm less aware of anything on the evolution of the technical and industrial dark arts. If there is some good work out there, I would love to see it. Bonus points if you can tell me when the awful phrase "digital pearl harbor" first appeared! Cheers, Jon _______________________________________________ This email is relayed from members(a)sigcis.org<mailto:members@sigcis.org>, the email discussion list of SHOT SIGCIS. The list archives are at http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/ and you can change your subscription options at http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members -- Jeffrey R. Yost, Ph.D. Associate Director, Charles Babbage Institute Faculty, Program in the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine 222 21st Avenue South University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455 612 624 5050 Phone 612 625 8054 Fax

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Fwd: Bletchley Park update and new Colossus video
by Brian Randell 11 Mar '12

11 Mar '12

Hi Tom: I have Sue Black's permission to forward this to you for SIGCIS. Cheers Brian Begin forwarded message: > From: Sue Black <s.black(a)cs.ucl.ac.uk> > Date: 9 March 2012 01:32:41 GMT > Subject: Bletchley Park update and new Colossus video > > Dear all, > > Google have made a really lovely, poignant film about Tommy Flowers and Colossus, I urge you all to watch it. It features several of the people that worked with him at the time and really evokes for me the same feelings that I get when I go to Bletchley Park. The people working there did such amazing things, shortening the war by 2 years and on the whole got no credit at all. > > Film: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knXWMjIA59c > > Related blogpost: http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2012/03/remembering-colossus-worlds-first.ht… > > While I'm on the subject of Bletchley....The Turing exhibition was officially opened this week by James May of Top Gear fame. It is a lovely and interesting exhibition including Turing's school reports, Turing's teddy bear and a copy of a letter from out very own Professor Brian Randell to Turing's mother. If you get the opportunity please go to see it, and take your staff, and students, friends, neighbours etc. ;)) > > Prof John Clark at York kindly invited me and the former and current CEOs of Bletchley Park (Iain Standen and Simon Greenish) to University of York last night to give a public lecture entitled: Did Twitter save Bletchley Park? About 200 people turned out on a windy night, they were a lovely audience :)) When we asked them at the end of our talk to decide whether Twitter did save Bletchley Park they said YES! :)) Slides from our talk are here: > > http://www.slideshare.net/blackse/did-twitter-save-bletchley-park > > I can't remember if I told you all but Google gave Bletchley Park £500k at the end of last year, and I'm hoping that the relationship between them will carry on developing. I'm going to go to the US as part of a fundraising tour with Sir John Scarlett, new Bletchley Park Trust Chair, later this year which should be fun and will hopefully bring in new streams of revenue :)) > > I think that's all for now, please do watch the film, it is very evocative. > > Take care all > > Sue -- School of Computing Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK EMAIL = Brian.Randell(a)ncl.ac.uk PHONE = +44 191 222 7923 FAX = +44 191 222 8232 URL = http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/brian.randell

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computer security history
by Jon Lindsay 11 Mar '12

11 Mar '12

Hello all, I have the feeling that the history of computer security, from hacking techniques to the evolution of the information security industry to fearmongering over cybersecurity, is a somewhat understudied area. I have seen some work on the development of government policy and threat framing (i.e., by Myriam Dunn Cavelty) but I'm less aware of anything on the evolution of the technical and industrial dark arts. If there is some good work out there, I would love to see it. Bonus points if you can tell me when the awful phrase "digital pearl harbor" first appeared! Cheers, Jon

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Re: [SIGCIS-Members] sf-lovers
by John Paul Laprise 11 Mar '12

11 Mar '12

Hi Chris, *Disclaimer: The following loosely processed thoughts are not the outcome of a rigorous study. They are the result of my personal involvement and observations in a number of fan communities. Re-enactment (SCA) 15 years, Face to Face Gamers 33 years, Genre (SF/Fantasy) 24 years.* Your interest in the SF-Internet connection is based in pop culture. Many people who get involved in science and technology (myself included) can tell you that that there are a series of overlapping hobby spheres that correlate with techies of all types, not just those of the internet variety. These include: 1. Historical Re-enactors a. Medieval (Society for Creative Anachronism) b. Revolutionary War c. French & Indian War d. Civil War e. Rome f. Napoleonic 2. Face to Face Gamers a. Wargamers b. Miniature gamers c. Role playing (Dungeons and Dragons) d. Live Action Role Playing (Vampire: The Masquerade) 3. Genre Fans a. Fantasy b. SF c. Horror d. Cyberpunk e. Star Trek f. Star Wars g. Anime h. Steampunk All of these groups of people share(d) some common characteristics: 1. Passionate about their hobby 2. Passionate about technology (SF, military, domestic, imagined, contemporary, ancient) 3. Tend to be more creative than "normal" 4. Tend to be more highly educated (not always in a traditional sense) 5. Rules-driven. Gamers are constrained by rules in an obvious way. Re-enactors and genre fans are similarly constrained in that they are constrained by a chronological period or world of an author. 6. Unable to be "themselves" in real life. Frequently these groups have different social norms. 7. Stigmatization/mild oppression of their interest sometimes resulting in fan pushback ("freaking the mundanes"). 8. Difficultly in locating others with the same interest. 9. Many college age members due to the lack of time constraints and the existence on many college campuses of clubs or organizations that support particular interests. 10. Many activities of these groups tend to be visually appealing/interesting to observers. 11. These groups tend to gather periodically and share at conventions and meetings. 12. A fundamental interest in exploring hypothetical historical or ahistorical constructs-"alternity." For many of these groups, the early internet provided ways to assert these aspects of their identity and connect/collaborate/coordinate with fellow hobbyists. Members of college age or in academia frequently had access through university accounts. These groups had pre-existing modes of communication so that the spread of knowledge about the Internet within these communities was all but foreordained. Hobbyists disseminated knowledge of the existence and utility of the Internet at large offline fan/gaming conventions (WorldCon, GenCon) or reenactments (Pennsic War) where well established and efficient word of mouth and printed word (newsletters) spread information further. Hobbyists in multiple groups received similar information about the Internet from multiple sources increasing its reliability and the likelihood they would adopt a technology which they were already predisposed to like. Internet use further distinguished them from the "mudanes" in the early days and the earl titles of geek and nerd were badges of honor. As for more formal research leads, I would suggest attending your local science fiction fan convention and start talking to people who have been around for awhile. If there is a GT (General Technics) group/party, hang out there for a while and go to some panels during the day to start figuring out who is who. Best regards, John Laprise, Ph.D. Visiting Assistant Professor Northwestern University Qatar<http://www.qatar.northwestern.edu/> P.O. Box 34102 Doha, Qatar +974 4454 5037 From: members-bounces(a)sigcis.org<mailto:members-bounces@sigcis.org> [mailto:members-bounces@sigcis.org]<mailto:[mailto:members-bounces@sigcis.org]> On Behalf Of David Ferro Sent: Thursday, March 08, 2012 10:42 AM To: Christopher S. Leslie Cc: Subject: Re: [SIGCIS-Members] sf-lovers Christopher, Janet Abbate notes some sf in early Internet development in Inventing the Internet ( http://www.amazon.com/Inventing-Internet-Inside-Technology-Abbate/dp/026251… ) and she and some other authors on this list here go into some detail in Science Fiction and Computing ( http://www.amazon.com/Science-Fiction-Computing-Interlinked-ebook/dp/B006J4… ) David On Wed, Mar 7, 2012 at 8:48 PM, Christopher S. Leslie <cleslie(a)poly.edu<mailto:cleslie@poly.edu>> wrote: Dear Colleagues: I am more and more intrigued by a connection between science fiction and the early days of the ARPAnet. As you may know, one of the first group distribution lists that was not directly related to defense research was the mailing list SF-lovers, which was created in Sept. 1979 at MIT by Richard Brodie. When Usenet became available, a connection was established, and the travails of the list after that point are fairly well documented by Saul Jaffe and others. Before the Usenet list, however, there is not so much information. I've been in contact with some researchers about this, but I am hoping that someone on the list might also remember the days of the sf-lovers list before Usenet. I've also heard that there were mailing groups on local computers and BBSs (bulletin board systems) before there were widely dispersed e-mail list, which if they were discussing science fiction, I would love to learn about. If anyone has information to share, or can direct me to someone who does, I would greatly appreciate it. I am writing a book on science fiction and I think this list demonstrates an interesting synergy between science fiction and engineering. Sincerely, Chris Leslie Christopher S. Leslie, Ph.D. Instructor of Media and Technology Studies Department of Technology, Culture and Society Polytechnic Institute of New York University 6 MetroTech Center, RH 213h Brooklyn, NY 11201 (718) 260-3130<tel:%28718%29%20260-3130> _______________________________________________ This email is relayed from members(a)sigcis.org<mailto:members@sigcis.org>, the email discussion list of SHOT SIGCIS. The list archives are at http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/ and you can change your subscription options at http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members -- David L. Ferro, PhD, Dean, College of Applied Science and Technology, Weber State University, Ogden, Utah

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CFP extension to March 19 - Workshop on History of Information Science, Baltimore, Oct 2011
by Thomas Haigh 08 Mar '12

08 Mar '12

Hello SIGCIS members, Note that the deadline for the call below has been extended, so if you were planning to submit something and didn't get around to it then it is not too late. The focus on the history of information science rather than the history of computing. However there are some significant areas of crossover between the two areas, and a number of historians have found jobs in information schools in recent years. Tom Pre-Conference on the History of ASIST and Information Science and Technology Worldwide Call for Papers (Revised 1/27/2012) The 75th Anniversary Task Force of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIST) announces a call for papers for the 2012 Pre-Conference on the history of ASIST and the history of information science and technology worldwide. The Pre-Conference will be held immediately prior to the 2012 Annual Meeting of ASIST, Oct. 26-31, 2012, in Baltimore, Maryland. This conference will explore the 75 year history of ASIST and the longer history of information science and technology worldwide. Abstracts of papers (maximum 1,000 words) not previously published or submitted elsewhere should be submitted by March 19, 2012 and authors of tentatively accepted papers will be promptly notified. Full acceptance of papers will be based on receipt of the complete paper, which should be received no later than June 1, 2012. Alternative presentations, such as videos, posters, exhibits, and demonstration of historical information technologies, are also encouraged. All submissions will be refereed by a panel of experts and all accepted papers will be published as a Web-based publication prior to the conference. Submissions by students and authors outside the U.S. are particularly encouraged. Specific topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following: --The development of the foundational ideas and theories of information science and its earlier name, documentation. --What forces contributed to shaping the research agenda and scope of the field of information science worldwide over the past 75 years and how will they evolve over the next 75 years. --The major researchers and developers of the ideas, practices, and theories in information science and closely related fields of study. --The evolution of the multifaceted and multiple-named field referred to as information science with a focus on what the past says about the future of information science research and development. --Treatment of the origin and evolution of information science ideas and practices specific to an individual country. --The historical contexts of major technological innovations and the impacts they have had on societies, organizations, governments, or individuals worldwide. --The development of ASIST (and its predecessors, the American Documentation Institute, the American Society for Information Science) as a professional organization and scholarly society in context with its times, relationships with competing or affiliated organizations, major contributions and influences on the study of information science worldwide, forces shaping the research agenda and scope of the field, roles and contributions of specific individuals or groups within and outside of ASIST, and related issues. --The role of government (nationally or internationally) in influencing the development of information science and technology, with particular attention to the support of research and development of information policies. -- The development of information science education and its relationships with other fields of study, such as Library Science, Informatics, Archival Science, Museum Studies, and related specializations (such as information ethics, information architecture, geographic information systems or medical informatics). For more information and questions about this call for papers contact Robert V. Williams at bobwill(a)sc.edu or call 803-777-2324. Submit abstract (maximum of 1,000 words) electronically to the following site, completing the required contact information: http://www.softconf.com/asist2/Hist_Pre_Con/

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sf-lovers
by Christopher S. Leslie 08 Mar '12

08 Mar '12

Dear Colleagues: I am more and more intrigued by a connection between science fiction and the early days of the ARPAnet. As you may know, one of the first group distribution lists that was not directly related to defense research was the mailing list SF-lovers, which was created in Sept. 1979 at MIT by Richard Brodie. When Usenet became available, a connection was established, and the travails of the list after that point are fairly well documented by Saul Jaffe and others. Before the Usenet list, however, there is not so much information. I've been in contact with some researchers about this, but I am hoping that someone on the list might also remember the days of the sf-lovers list before Usenet. I've also heard that there were mailing groups on local computers and BBSs (bulletin board systems) before there were widely dispersed e-mail list, which if they were discussing science fiction, I would love to learn about. If anyone has information to share, or can direct me to someone who does, I would greatly appreciate it. I am writing a book on science fiction and I think this list demonstrates an interesting synergy between science fiction and engineering. Sincerely, Chris Leslie Christopher S. Leslie, Ph.D. Instructor of Media and Technology Studies Department of Technology, Culture and Society Polytechnic Institute of New York University 6 MetroTech Center, RH 213h Brooklyn, NY 11201 (718) 260-3130

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e for eGovernment
by Taylor-Smith, Ella 06 Mar '12

06 Mar '12

Hi I'm new to this list, so please forgive me if this question has been asked before. Does anyone know when and where terms like eGovernment, eDemocracy and ePetitions came about? Or e-government, e-democracy and e-petitions, as they were 10 years ago. I'm particularly interested in the term eParticipation, but it's clear that it derived from eDemocracy etc (or it certainly seemed to, in my experience of its appearance) Thanks for your help -Ella Ella Taylor-Smith Institute for Informatics and Digital Innovation Edinburgh Napier University 10 Colinton Road Edinburgh, EH10 5DT Telephone: +44 (0) 131 455 2392 Email: e.taylor-smith(a)napier.ac.uk http://www.iidi.napier.ac.uk/e.taylor-smith @EllaTasm http://www.facebook.com/OnlineAmbition @OnlineAmbition Edinburgh Napier University is one of Scotland's top universities for graduate employability. 93.2% of graduates are in work or further study within six months of leaving. The university is also proud winner of the Queen's Anniversary Prize for Higher and Further Education 2009, awarded for innovative housing construction for environmental benefit and quality of life. This message is intended for the addressee(s) only and should not be read, copied or disclosed to anyone else outwith the University without the permission of the sender. It is your responsibility to ensure that this message and any attachments are scanned for viruses or other defects. Edinburgh Napier University does not accept liability for any loss or damage which may result from this email or any attachment, or for errors or omissions arising after it was sent. Email is not a secure medium. Email entering the University's system is subject to routine monitoring and filtering by the University. Edinburgh Napier University is a registered Scottish charity. Registration number SC018373

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