Thanks, Paul, for the fascinating prompt. I'm excited to hear about the literature suggested by Willard, and I particularly like your distinction between analog as what is not discrete and analog as isomorphism (e.g. Douglas Hoftstadter's most recent book). Those interested may also be interested in the media philosopher and sound historian Jonathan Sterne's take on the question, which resonates fairly well with your distinction and Willard's comments on the midcentury timing. If interested, check out this short essay draft Sterne wrote on "analog" <http://culturedigitally.org/2014/05/analog-draftdigitalkeywords/> that I am editing for a forthcoming volume <http://culturedigitally.org/digital-keywords/> (currently under review at Princeton), and that at least one other on this list are contributing to (*head nod toward Bernie*). Sterne develops more extended arguments in his books on the MP3 and sound recording, and I could if asked point to more tangential digital-analog debate in sound studies. Running out the door, Ben petersbenjamin.wordpress.com On Fri, Nov 7, 2014 at 9:22 AM, Paul Fishwick <metaphorz@gmail.com> wrote:
I recently had a discussion about analog computing with someone who works actively on hybrid analog-digital systems at the integrated circuit level. My proposal was that there seems to be, based on historical accounts and reflection, two differing views on “analog”: 1) analog reflecting the continuous or discrete character of magnitude of a variable, and 2) isomorphism indicated by construing analog to be associated closely with analogy.
To take one example which can serve for discussion: Are Minecraft circuits analog, digital, or both? It depends on how we define “analog” and where we focus (on the issue of representation or magnitude). For example, redstone circuits could be viewed as analog computing in the sense that the circuits are analogous to electronic circuits containing gates such as and, or, xor, etc. And yet, at the bottom of the vast hierarchy of translation, we have Minecraft servers and clients working on top of a digital substrate. In the mid 90s, I bought a Nord Lead for my synthesizer collection, and Nord uses “virtual analog” to characterize their lineup (an analog front end and a digital back end):
http://www.nordkeyboards.com/products/nord-lead-2x
My view is that the issue of magnitude is a side-effect of “analog as analogy and, thus, isomorphism", and thus not primary. Tangible objects when juxtaposed and configured together to form physical analogies happen to be continuous simply because reality and our physiology is continuous, and we employ real objects (at least in the mind) when forming analogies. This view may need tweaking, but it seems as though the knowledge of such things is present in this forum.
What are the thoughts on this? Is this an ongoing point of debate among historians?
-paul
Paul Fishwick, PhD Chair, ACM SIGSIM Distinguished University Chair of Arts & Technology and Professor of Computer Science Director, Creative Automata Laboratory The University of Texas at Dallas Arts & Technology 800 West Campbell Road, AT10 Richardson, TX 75080-3021 Home: utdallas.edu/atec/fishwick Blog: creative-automata.com
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