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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72" style='word-wrap:break-word'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>Hello SIGCIS,<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>As the eyes of the world turn towards my own region of SE Wisconsin for the trial of Kyle Rittenhouse (the cosplaying militia wannabe teen who shot and killed two unarmed demonstrators in Kenosha last summer) we get a glimpse of how deeply suspicion of algorithms has permeated general awareness and of how little they are sometimes understood.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>According to this article from The Verge: <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/10/22775580/kyle-rittenhouse-trial-judge-apple-ai-pinch-to-zoom-footage-manipulation-claim">https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/10/22775580/kyle-rittenhouse-trial-judge-apple-ai-pinch-to-zoom-footage-manipulation-claim</a> the defense yesterday made a successful argument to the judge that the zoom feature on an iPad video showing the killings should not be used in court on the grounds that it involved artificial intelligence and “logarithms.” Yes, LOGARITHMS. The things some of you may remember looking up in tables to add together to find approximate answers when multiplying large numbers.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>“iPads, which are made by Apple, have artificial intelligence in them that allow things to be viewed through three-dimensions and logarithms,” the defense insisted. “It uses artificial intelligence, or their logarithms, to create what they believe is happening. So this isn’t actually enhanced video, this is Apple’s iPad programming creating what it thinks is there, not what necessarily is there,” they added.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>According to the story, the judge deferred to this argument:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>Judge Schroeder argued that it was the prosecution — not the defense — that had the burden of proving that Apple <i>doesn’t</i> use artificial intelligence to manipulate footage, demanding that they provide an expert to testify, and didn’t allow the prosecution to adjourn to find that expert before bringing Rittenhouse up for cross-examination. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Meanwhile, I stumbled on a nice analysis of the extent to which the word “algorithm” is understood my many to imply some connection to machine learning in this short article by Kristian Lum and Rumman Chowdhury: <a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/02/26/1020007/what-is-an-algorithm/">https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/02/26/1020007/what-is-an-algorithm/</a>. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Can it be long until we see products sold as “algorithm free”? Or, possible, “logarithm free.” <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Tom<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>