<div dir="ltr">Hi Paul,<div><br></div><div>I second Morgan Ames's book and articles. For pre-GUI, here are some historical and cultural studies about figures like Andrey Ershov (second literacy) and Seymour Papert (LOGO) that might be helpful: </div><div><br></div><div><div class="gmail-csl-bib-body" style="line-height:1.35;margin-left:2em">
<div class="gmail-csl-entry">Afinogenov, Gregory. “Andrei Ershov and the Soviet Information Age.” <i>Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History</i> 14 (June 1, 2013): 561–84. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2013.0046">https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2013.0046</a>.</div><div class="gmail-csl-entry"><br></div><div class="gmail-csl-entry">Agalianos, Angelos S. “A Cultural Studies Analysis of Logo in Education.,” 1997. <a href="http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10018887/7/Agalianos%2C%20Angelos%20S.pdf">http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10018887/7/Agalianos%2C%20Angelos%20S.pdf</a>.</div><div class="gmail-csl-entry"><div class="gmail-csl-bib-body" style="line-height:1.35;margin-left:2em"><div class="gmail-csl-entry"><div class="gmail-csl-bib-body" style="line-height:1.35;margin-left:2em"><div class="gmail-csl-entry"><div class="gmail-csl-bib-body" style="line-height:1.35;margin-left:2em">
<span class="gmail-Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=A%20cultural%20studies%20analysis%20of%20logo%20in%20education.&rft.aufirst=Angelos%20S&rft.aulast=Agalianos&rft.au=Angelos%20S%20Agalianos&rft.date=1997&rft.language=English"></span>
</div></div>
<span class="gmail-Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=A%20cultural%20studies%20analysis%20of%20logo%20in%20education.&rft.aufirst=Angelos%20S&rft.aulast=Agalianos&rft.au=Angelos%20S%20Agalianos&rft.date=1997&rft.language=English"></span>
</div></div>
<span class="gmail-Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20CULTURAL%20STUDIES%20ANALYSIS%20OF%20LOGO%20IN%20EDUCATION&rft.aufirst=Angelos%20S&rft.aulast=Agalianos&rft.au=Angelos%20S%20Agalianos&rft.pages=375&rft.language=en"></span>
</div></div><div class="gmail-csl-entry"><br></div>
<span class="gmail-Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20CULTURAL%20STUDIES%20ANALYSIS%20OF%20LOGO%20IN%20EDUCATION&rft.aufirst=Angelos%20S&rft.aulast=Agalianos&rft.au=Angelos%20S%20Agalianos&rft.pages=375&rft.language=en"></span>
<div class="gmail-csl-entry">Lachney, Michael, and Ellen K. Foster. “Historicizing Making and Doing: Seymour Papert, Sherry Turkle, and Epistemological Foundations of the Maker Movement.” <i>History and Technology</i> 36, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 54–82. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/07341512.2020.1759302">https://doi.org/10.1080/07341512.2020.1759302</a>.<br></div><div class="gmail-csl-entry"><br></div>
<span class="gmail-Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F07341512.2020.1759302&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Historicizing%20making%20and%20doing%3A%20Seymour%20Papert%2C%20Sherry%20Turkle%2C%20and%20epistemological%20foundations%20of%20the%20maker%20movement&rft.jtitle=History%20and%20Technology&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.aulast=Lachney&rft.au=Michael%20Lachney&rft.au=Ellen%20K.%20Foster&rft.date=2020-01-02&rft.pages=54-82&rft.spage=54&rft.epage=82&rft.issn=0734-1512"></span>
<div class="gmail-csl-entry">Margarita Boenig-Liptsin. “Making Citizens of the Information Age: A Comparative Study of the First Computer Literacy Programs for Children in the United States, France, and the Soviet Union, 1970-1990.” Accessed August 14, 2020. <a href="https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/23845438/BOENIG-LIPTSIN-DISSERTATION-2015.pdf?sequence=8">https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/23845438/BOENIG-LIPTSIN-DISSERTATION-2015.pdf?sequence=8</a>.</div><div class="gmail-csl-entry"><br></div>
<span class="gmail-Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Making%20Citizens%20of%20the%20Information%20Age%3A%20A%20Comparative%20Study%20of%20the%20First%20Computer%20Literacy%20Programs%20for%20Children%20in%20the%20United%20States%2C%20France%2C%20and%20the%20Soviet%20Union%2C%201970-1990&rft.au=undefined"></span>
<div class="gmail-csl-entry">Tatarchenko, Ksenia. “Thinking AlgorithmicallyFrom Cold War Computer Science to the Socialist Information Culture.” <i>Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences</i> 49, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 194–225. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2019.49.2.194">https://doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2019.49.2.194</a>.</div>
<span class="gmail-Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fhsns.2019.49.2.194&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Thinking%20AlgorithmicallyFrom%20Cold%20War%20Computer%20Science%20to%20the%20Socialist%20Information%20Culture&rft.jtitle=Historical%20Studies%20in%20the%20Natural%20Sciences&rft.stitle=Historical%20Studies%20in%20the%20Natural%20Sciences&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.aufirst=Ksenia&rft.aulast=Tatarchenko&rft.au=Ksenia%20Tatarchenko&rft.date=2019-04-01&rft.pages=194-225&rft.spage=194&rft.epage=225&rft.issn=1939-1811&rft.language=en"></span>
</div></div><div><br clear="all"><div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr">Best,<div>Bo An</div></div></div></div><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Oct 8, 2020 at 9:08 PM Fred Turner <<a href="mailto:fturner@stanford.edu">fturner@stanford.edu</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">
Hi Paul,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>One starting place might be Morgan Ames’ book The Charisma Machine: The Life, Death, and Legacy of One Laptop Per Child. Lots in there about how folks learn to compute post-GUIs.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Best,</div>
<div>Fred Turner<br>
<div><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div>On Oct 8, 2020, at 11:56 AM, Paul Fishwick <<a href="mailto:metaphorz@gmail.com" target="_blank">metaphorz@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div>
<br>
<div>
<div style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:18px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none">
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">There is a topic that has interested me, but I have been unable to make much headway in<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">past years since I am not sure where to look.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">Consider that Kathy, an 8<sup>th</sup><span> </span>grade student, knows more about how to use a computer than<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">her parents, who may know more than her grandparents. When learning to use digital<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">technology artifacts such as “menu”, education is imparted on Kathy. She learns something<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">about tree structures, and possibly finite state machines (FSMs). This is done invisibly because<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">she did not have to learn discrete mathematics and automata theory to use the computer.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">One hypothesis that all technology is this way. We use technology and technology<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">uses us (by invisibly transferring new mental models). The introduction of<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">the mechanical clock changed how we conceptualize time. Fast forwarding to digital<span> </span><u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">technology, Kathy must have conceptualized trees and FSMs as mental models even<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">though this theory was not made explicit.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">My searches have taken me to psychology (where the dominant discourse is about<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">dysfunction where technology is concerned), history of technology as well as the history<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">of science. This relates to math and computer science education too—teaching FSMs to<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">people through implicit means. Learning something without knowing that your learning<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">it.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">If anyone on this list has a good place for me to dive, let me know.<span> </span><u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt">-paul<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:10pt">Paul Fishwick, PhD<br>
Distinguished University Chair of Arts, Technology, and Emerging Communication<br>
Professor of Computer Science<br>
Director, Creative Automata Laboratory<br>
The University of Texas at Dallas<br>
Arts & Technology<br>
800 West Campbell Road, AT10<br>
Richardson, TX 75080-3021<br>
Home:<span> </span><a href="http://utdallas.edu/atec/fishwick" target="_blank">utdallas.edu/atec/fishwick</a><br>
Media:<span> </span><a href="http://medium.com/@metaphorz" target="_blank">medium.com/@metaphorz</a><br>
Modeling:<span> </span><a href="http://digest.sigsim.org/" target="_blank">digest.sigsim.org</a><br>
Twitter: @PaulFishwick</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:10pt">ONLINE: Webex,Collaborate, TEAMS, Zoom, Skype, Hangout</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></div>
</div>
<div style="margin:0in;font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<u></u> <u></u></div>
</div>
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