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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-GB">Dear all,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-GB">I would also like to
refer to the memoirs "Los
Alamos from below" of the physicist (and later Nobel Prize
winner) Richard
Feynman, how he became head of a computing group. According to
his statements,
in 1944 the group of female computers equipped with tabletop
calculators was
about as fast in completing a large calculation task as a
group that had been
equipped with Hollerith machines since 1944. However, as
Feynman notes, the
Hollerith machines never tired.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-GB">I would like to make the
following comments about the
thread on books on monographs and biographies of scientists
and mathematicians.
Until 1990 the history of science and technology was an
uncritical history of
"Great Men" (heroic history). Since then, historiography has
changed
by seeing science embedded in society (Science in context:
Readings in the
sociology of science, edited by Barry Barnes and David Edge,
MIT Press 1982,
also the book by Edwards: The closed World). Therefore, it is
also important in
biography projects to critically examine the portrayals of the
respective men
and women with their justifications and to examine which
topics they left out.
For example, the need for fire tables as legitimation for
ENIAC was a good
argument for raising funds for the project. However, fire
tables were rarely or
never needed in war, as Mitchell and Akera have shown (Marcus
Mitchell and
Atsushi Akera: Exploring the Architecture of an Early Machine:
The Historical
Relevance of the ENIAC Machine Architecture, IEEE Annals of
the History of
Computing, 18 (1996), no.1, 17-24). Therefore, one should be
careful about
adopting the view of Goldstine's book (The Computer from
Pascal to von Neumann
1972) when talking about the importance of fire tables.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-GB">Using the Aspray
biography of John von Neumann as an
example, one could also refer to his chapter on the
meteorology project at the
Institute for Advanced Study (William Aspray, John von Neumann
and the Origins
of Modern Computing, Cambridge, Mass., 1990). This project was
started in 1945
and was strangely unsuccessful for a long time. In the
literature it is
sometimes suspected whether this project was not meant to hide
the fact that
computer development at the Institute for Advanced Study was
actually intended
for Los Alamos. The meteorology project can also be linked to
the question why
only the digital computer, the IAS computer (which was not
available until
1952), was used there, but not the electronic analog computer
available since 1945
for the integration of the meteorological differential
equations. Electronic
analog computers had been common in the laboratories of the
USA since 1945.
After all, the models and data in meteorology were still very
coarse until
1955. Therefore, the accusation of computational inaccuracy
made against the
analog computer is not really convincing. Moreover, in the
neighborhood of the
institute, in the laboratory of RCA in Princeton, large
projects for the
electronic analog computer were developed on behalf of the
Office of Naval
Research. None of this happens at all at Aspray, so one has to
be careful when
adopting Aspray's view.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%">Greetings
from Berlin</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%">Richard Vahrenkamp</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-GB">Author of <i>The
Computing Boom in the US Aeronautical
Industry, 1945–1965</i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-GB">in: ICON – The Journal
of the International Committee
for the History of Technology,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-GB">vol. 24, 2019, pp.
127–149. Available at ResearchGate.</span></p>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 03.09.2020 13:31, Troy Astarte
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:5503A144-DA1B-4C2B-B6D4-6ED04D607C49@ncl.ac.uk">
<pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">Dear SIG-CIS,
What is your favourite biography of a scientist or mathematician? I’m particularly interested in modern subjects and those who worked in computing/computer science. Ideally the book would cover the subject’s work in a reasonable level of technical detail as well as their life and the broader context in which they lived and worked.
I ask because I am considering applying for funding for an essentially biographical project on a computer scientist and I would like to read some (more) biographies first.
Best,
Troy Astarte
School of Computing
Newcastle University
</pre>
<br>
<fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
<pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">_______________________________________________
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</blockquote>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
********************************************
Prof. Dr. Richard Vahrenkamp
Logistik Consulting Berlin
Phone 0177- 628 3325
E-Mail: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Vahrenkamp2016@gmx.de">Vahrenkamp2016@gmx.de</a>
Web: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.vahrenkamp.org">www.vahrenkamp.org</a>
Trendelenburgstr. 16
14057 Berlin
*********************************************</pre>
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