<html xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)">
<style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:DengXian;
panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:"\@DengXian";
panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
p.msonormal0, li.msonormal0, div.msonormal0
{mso-style-name:msonormal;
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;}
span.hoenzb
{mso-style-name:hoenzb;}
span.EmailStyle19
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle20
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle21
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:windowtext;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-size:10.0pt;}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style>
</head>
<body lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple">
<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks so much for this info, Henry! I was following this topic with interest, nothing “duh” about it.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">If this is connected with the rise of the social sciences in government and military in the Cold War US, there’s a growing scholarly literature about that out there. It would be interesting to see if ARPA/DARPA were involved.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Barbara Walker<span style="font-size:10.5pt;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">From: </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Members <members-bounces@lists.sigcis.org> on behalf of Henry E Lowood <lowood@stanford.edu><br>
<b>Date: </b>Monday, August 6, 2018 at 11:48 AM<br>
<b>To: </b>Henry E Lowood <lowood@stanford.edu>, Matthew Kirschenbaum <mkirschenbaum@gmail.com>, members <members@sigcis.org><br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: [SIGCIS-Members] Origins of "archive" in computer science<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Matt,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Another method – duh – would be to use online databases such as INSPEC. Found this, for example:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Short Note On Information Retrieval Systems Applicable To Archive Data
</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="MsoHyperlink">Éric De Grolier</span>, <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">First Published September 1, 1965 Research Article <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1177%252F053901846500400313&data=01%7C01%7Cbbwalker%40unr.edu%7Cff1d06e7110f408389b708d5fbcd1fc8%7C523b4bfc0ebd4c03b2b96f6a17fd31d8%7C1&sdata=bkxhg9gCO9VDnxwk6hNP1kj3Vs530s%2BJHkrsTs4zL6g%3D&reserved=0">https://doi.org/10.1177/053901846500400313</a>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Noticed that most uses of “archive data,” “data storage” etc. that popped up seem to be related to social science data systems; the first big ones were developed in the late 1960s, early 1970s, I believe, though I am no expert.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Henry<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Henry Lowood, PhD<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Curator for History of Science & Technology; Film & Media Collections<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">HSSG, Green Library, 557 Escondido Mall<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Stanford University Libraries<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Stanford CA 94305-6004<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">PH: 650-723-4602<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">EM: lowood@stanford.edu<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> Members <members-bounces@lists.sigcis.org> <b>On Behalf Of
</b>Henry E Lowood<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, August 6, 2018 11:27 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Matthew Kirschenbaum <mkirschenbaum@gmail.com>; members <members@sigcis.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [SIGCIS-Members] Origins of "archive" in computer science<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Matt,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As Paul already suggested, industry publications (including ads) would be a great place to start. The other place I would begin my search is in the various encyclopedias and published lists of terms. That’s what I used to track down the
use of “virtual” a while back.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Interestingly, even relatively recent encyclopedias do not define “archive.” Just checked the 4<sup>th</sup> ed. Of the Encyclopedia of Computer Science on my shelf – not in the glossary of terms. Only “archival storage” (twice) and “archive
compression test” (once) are even listed in the general index.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Henry<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Henry Lowood, PhD<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Curator for History of Science & Technology; Film & Media Collections<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">HSSG, Green Library, 557 Escondido Mall<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Stanford University Libraries<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Stanford CA 94305-6004<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">PH: 650-723-4602<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">EM: <a href="mailto:lowood@stanford.edu">lowood@stanford.edu</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> Members <<a href="mailto:members-bounces@lists.sigcis.org">members-bounces@lists.sigcis.org</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Matthew Kirschenbaum<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, July 27, 2018 12:10 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> members <<a href="mailto:members@sigcis.org">members@sigcis.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [SIGCIS-Members] Origins of "archive" in computer science<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">I've had a couple of additional backchannel responses to this (thank you) but nothing terribly decisive. Is the question too diffuse, I wonder? Too obscure? How would one go about running something like this down? What would be some good
industry publications to check to try to track the emergence of "archive" as a computer systems term?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">OED doesn't offer a usage in relation to computing or data before 1978, but this seems late to me; certainly Wang was using the language of an "archive" disk for much of the 1970s.
<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Best, Matt<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On Thu, Jul 26, 2018 at 2:23 PM, Matthew Kirschenbaum <<a href="mailto:mkirschenbaum@gmail.com" target="_blank">mkirschenbaum@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear all,<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">I'm trying to find early exemplars of the use of the word "archive" in computer systems contexts, whether as a noun to denote an element of computer architecture (i.e., the archive disk or archive tape) or as a verb, i.e. "I've archived
those files."<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Examples might include the TAR ("Tape ARchive") format, Wang's nomenclature of an "archive disk" in its systems, and Gmail's early mantra, "Archive, Don't Delete."
<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">I'd love to run down some early instances of this sort of thing, which I assume goes back to the mainframe era.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thank you--<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#888888"><br>
-- </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="color:#888888">Matthew Kirschenbaum<br>
Professor of English and Digital Studies<br>
Director, Graduate Certificate in Digital Studies<br>
University of Maryland<br>
<a href="https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmkirschenbaum.net&data=01%7C01%7Cbbwalker%40unr.edu%7Cff1d06e7110f408389b708d5fbcd1fc8%7C523b4bfc0ebd4c03b2b96f6a17fd31d8%7C1&sdata=2RJ%2FCX6nJmSW%2FJuPr9EeLbg%2FcS9dfoVmCkGqS9l04d4%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">mkirschenbaum.net</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<br clear="all">
<br>
-- <o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Matthew Kirschenbaum<br>
Professor of English and Digital Studies<br>
Director, Graduate Certificate in Digital Studies<br>
University of Maryland<br>
<a href="https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmkirschenbaum.net&data=01%7C01%7Cbbwalker%40unr.edu%7Cff1d06e7110f408389b708d5fbcd1fc8%7C523b4bfc0ebd4c03b2b96f6a17fd31d8%7C1&sdata=2RJ%2FCX6nJmSW%2FJuPr9EeLbg%2FcS9dfoVmCkGqS9l04d4%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">mkirschenbaum.net</a><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>