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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">It may be worth noting that the RAND Corporation was/is a so-called “FFRDC” – federally-funded research and development center. After World War II a number of them were set up, mainly (as I understand
it) to allow its employees to receive higher salaries than allowed by the civil service system. But they were paid with government funds (i.e. taxes). The same holds true for the university lab with an air force contract. The line between an FFRDC and a traditional
government research lab (e.g. the National Bureau of Standards/NIST) can be very fuzzy. As one colleague of mine remarked, “How do you know if the person works for an FFRDC or a government lab? Visit their house, and if they have Picasso paintings on the wall,
they work for an FFRDC.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">So to answer your question, go ahead & use the images. As for the advertisements, you do need to show that you made a good-faith effort. I have done this, and in some cases it turned out to be
fun, believe it or not, to track down the evolution of technical trade journals like Electronics or Datamation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">Paul Ceruzzi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><a href="mailto:ceruzzip@si.edu"><span style="color:#0563C1">ceruzzip@si.edu</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">202-633-2414<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> Members <members-bounces@lists.sigcis.org>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Bernard Geoghegan<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, July 12, 2018 2:21 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> members@SIGCIS.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [SIGCIS-Members] Copyright advice sought<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Dear Members,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">I’m looking for some copyright tips. I’d be grateful for feedback. I’m trying to figure out if I need copyright holder permission to reproduce in an academic publication images from the following items
that appeared in print between 1923 and 1963, i.e. a period when things normally require explicit copyright renewal to stay out of the public domain. I can’t figure out if some of these materials count as government documents. Unless noted, none of these materials
come from an archive or otherwise privileged source.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Figures from IBM manuals for SAGE from 1958. There’s no evidence the manual was copyrighted, nor that the copyright was renewed, but there is a statement in the manuals that reads “This
document contains information of a proprietary nature. Any use or reproduction of this document for other than government purposes is subject to the prior consent of International Business Machines Corporation.”
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">A figure from a 1950s RAND memo prepared for the US Air Force—no evidence that it was copyrighted, nor that the copyright was renewed. There is a statement on the cover that permission
must be sought from RAND to quote or reproduce its contents. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Figures from a 1947 report produced by a university-based laboratory for the US Air Force, no evidence that it was copyrighted, nor that copyright was renewed. I don’t think it was publicly
circulated. I got my copy from a US government archive. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3">
<![if !supportLists]><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">4.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Pre-1964 magazine advertisements, I have no information about their copyright status.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Thanks for your advice, colleagues.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Bernard<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">-- <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Bernard Dionysius Geoghegan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Senior Lecturer in the History and Theory of Digital Media<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><a href="http://www.bernardg.com">www.bernardg.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Department of Digital Humanities<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">King's College London <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">The Strand Building<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Office: +44 (0)20 7848 4750<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Cell: +44 (0)75 7713 9098</span><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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