<html><body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><div>A few days ago, Edgar Daylight mentioned his interview of Michael Jackson to this list. The book came today from Amazon. On pages 7 and 8 Jackson describes having Christopher Strachey as a math teacher at Harrow and how Strachey invented a tiny programming language for which Jackson and the others coded little routines on paper. </div><div><br><br>Sent from my iPad</div><div><br>On Sep 2, 2015, at 12:28 PM, Pierre MOUNIER-KUHN <<a href="mailto:mounier@msh-paris.fr">mounier@msh-paris.fr</a>> wrote:<br><br></div><div></div><blockquote type="cite"><div><div style="font-family: times new roman, new york, times, serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000"><p style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;" data-mce-style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Stefan, </span></p><p style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;" data-mce-style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><br></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;" data-mce-style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: small; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">It may be marginal or anecdotical for your project’s point of view, but you may take a look at Henri Boucher’s paper on the beginnings of computing in French defense, published in the <i>Annals of the History of Computing </i>in 1989-1990 *. A young Navy engineer in charge of missile development in the early 1950s, Henri Boucher inquired about stored-program computers; he obtained both technical documents from IBM France on the IBM 701 (not marketed in Europe), and a subscription to the <i>Transactions of the IRE, </i>where he read descriptions of the latest American machines. In order to become familiar with these new devices, and to be able to chose the most appropriate when it would eventually be possible in France, Boucher systematically undertook to write programs on paper for machines he never saw in real.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;" data-mce-style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: small; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><br></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;" data-mce-style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: small; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">As <span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;" data-mce-style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Boucher has kept every piece of paper he collected since that time, regarding computers, he may even still possess his early <span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;" data-mce-style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">programming </span>attempts.</span></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6; min-height: 17px;" data-mce-style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6; min-height: 17px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><br></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6; min-height: 17px;" data-mce-style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6; min-height: 17px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Best, </span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;" data-mce-style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Pierre Mounier-Kuhn</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;" data-mce-style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;" data-mce-style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">CNRS & Université Paris-Sorbonne</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;" data-mce-style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">L’Emergence d’une science: l’informatique</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;" data-mce-style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><a href="http://koyre.ehess.fr/docannexe/file/400/cv_mounier_kuhn.pdf">http://koyre.ehess.fr/docannexe/file/400/cv_mounier_kuhn.pdf</a></span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;" data-mce-style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><a href="http://koyre.ehess.fr/docannexe/file/1203/mounier_kuhn_cv_anglais.pdf">http://koyre.ehess.fr/docannexe/file/1203/mounier_kuhn_cv_anglais.pdf</a></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6; min-height: 17px;" data-mce-style="margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Calibri; color: #0056d6; min-height: 17px;"><br></p><p style="margin: 0px; font-size: 13px; font-family: Arial; color: #545454;" data-mce-style="margin: 0px; font-size: 13px; font-family: Arial; color: #545454;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: small; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;" data-mce-style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>* Boucher</b></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;" data-mce-style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">, Henri. "Informatics in the Defense Industry," </span><em><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;" data-mce-style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Annals</span></em><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;" data-mce-style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"><em> of the History of Computing</em> 12, no. 4 (1990): 227-240.</span></span></p><div><br></div><div><br></div><hr id="zwchr"><div style="color:#000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;"><b>De: </b>"Ian S. King" <<a href="mailto:isking@uw.edu">isking@uw.edu</a>><br><b>À: </b>"Dag Spicer" <<a href="mailto:dspicer@computerhistory.org">dspicer@computerhistory.org</a>><br><b>Cc: </b><a href="mailto:email@computerarchaeologie.de">email@computerarchaeologie.de</a>, <a href="mailto:members@lists.sigcis.org"><a href="mailto:members@lists.sigcis.org">members@lists.sigcis.org</a></a><br><b>Envoyé: </b>Mercredi 2 Septembre 2015 18:13:51<br><b>Objet: </b>Re: [SIGCIS-Members] Call for "paper"<br><div><br></div><div dir="ltr"><div>Quite an interesting project. But I must concur with others here about the more general use of 'paper programming'. When I took my first programming class (FORTRAN) in the 1970s, we were taught the formal method of flowcharting and coding sheets with the understanding that this was how the 'real world' works. By the time I was in the 'real world', video display terminals and editor programs had supplanted those techniques (in confirmation of a previous statement), at least in the places where I found 'real work'. <br><div><br></div></div>However, I'll also mention that when I was an undergrad, I worked on a project where I did not have regular access to the microcomputer on which my (data collection) code would run, nor any sort of development environment. So I was compelled to write assembly language, "hand-assemble" it into machine code (for example, calculating relative branches, establishing a symbol table and the like) and keying the resulting machine code into the computer's front panel. It actually worked pretty well, especially after I learned some 'real lessons' about relative branching. -- Ian <br></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Sep 2, 2015 at 9:00 AM, Dag Spicer <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:dspicer@computerhistory.org" target="_blank"><a href="mailto:dspicer@computerhistory.org">dspicer@computerhistory.org</a></a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Woz still has his Apple II hardware and software design notes… in a binder, on paper, handwritten. He has shown them to me. The most obvious observation on this theme is that in the days of “cards and paper” computing, with its limited memory and a code-exeute-debug cycle measured in days, people took much longer to code and were more deliberate in writing software. In theory, people could write better software. In practice, programmers often just spent hours and hours waiting with nothing to do. (A related issue: modern-day programmers often explain their lack of apparent activity at times by saying “I’m compiling right now.” Managers invariably accept this as sensible and valid… even though it’s a running joke among programmers that the benefit of this explanation is that it really just gives them a bit of downtime to relax).<br>
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A general observation about card and paper computing in the 1960s: Bob Bemer, I think (paraphrase): "Computers cost $600 an hour; your time (as a programmer) costs $12 an hour. Guess what we’re optimising for?”<br>
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Dag<br>
--<br>
Dag Spicer<br>
Senior Curator<br>
Computer History Museum<br>
Editorial Board, IEEE Annals of the History of Computing<br>
1401 North Shoreline Boulevard<br>
Mountain View, CA 94043-1311<br>
<br>
Tel: <a href="tel:%2B1%20650%20810%201035" target="_blank">+1 650 810 1035</a><br>
Fax: <a href="tel:%2B1%20650%20810%201055" target="_blank">+1 650 810 1055</a><br>
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On Sep 2, 2015, at 6:38 AM, <a href="mailto:dave.walden.family@gmail.com" target="_blank"><a href="mailto:dave.walden.family@gmail.com">dave.walden.family@gmail.com</a></a><mailto:<a href="mailto:dave.walden.family@gmail.com" target="_blank"><a href="mailto:dave.walden.family@gmail.com">dave.walden.family@gmail.com</a></a>> wrote:<br>
<br>
I have a vague, perhaps wrong, memory of Woz's autobiography saying he wrote code in notebooks for machines he was imagining.<br>
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Sent from my iPad<br>
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</span>This email is relayed from members at <a href="http://sigcis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><a href="http://sigcis.org">sigcis.org</a></a><<a href="http://sigcis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><a href="http://sigcis.org">http://sigcis.org</a></a>>, the email discussion list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list archives are at <a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/">http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/</a></a> and you can change your subscription options at <a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org">http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org</a></a><br>
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This email is relayed from members at <a href="http://sigcis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><a href="http://sigcis.org">sigcis.org</a></a>, the email discussion list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list archives are at <a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/">http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/</a></a> and you can change your subscription options at <a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org">http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org</a></a></div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">Ian S. King, MSIS, MSCS, Ph.D. Candidate<br><a href="http://ischool.uw.edu" target="_blank">The Information School</a><br></div><div>Dissertation: "Why the Conversation Mattered: Constructing a Sociotechnical Narrative Through a Design Lens<br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">Archivist, <a href="http://tribunalvoices.org" target="_blank">Voices From the Rwanda Tribunal</a> </div><div dir="ltr"><a href="http://vsdesign.org" target="_blank">Value Sensitive Design Research Lab</a></div><div dir="ltr"><br>University of Washington<br><div><br></div><span color="#424242" data-mce-style="color: #424242;" style="color: #424242;"><span style="font-size:14px;line-height:19px"><span face="trebuchet ms, sans-serif" data-mce-style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif;" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif;">There is an old Vulcan saying: "Only Nixon could go to China."</span><span face="courier new, monospace" data-mce-style="font-family: 'courier new', monospace;" style="font-family: 'courier new', monospace;"> </span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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<br>_______________________________________________<br>This email is relayed from members at <a href="http://sigcis.org">sigcis.org</a>, the email discussion list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list archives are at <a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/">http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/</a> and you can change your subscription options at <a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org"><a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org">http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org</a></a></div><div><br></div></div></div></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><div><span>_______________________________________________</span><br><span>This email is relayed from members at <a href="http://sigcis.org">sigcis.org</a>, the email discussion list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list archives are at <a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/">http://lists.sigcis.org/pipermail/members-sigcis.org/</a> and you can change your subscription options at <a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org"><a href="http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org">http://lists.sigcis.org/listinfo.cgi/members-sigcis.org</a></a></span></div></blockquote></body></html>