<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;"><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;">Dear friends and colleagues,</font><div><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;"><br></font></div><div><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;">I am quite interested in these questions too, and curious about the (yet unexplicited?) reasons why the ACM people named their award after Turing. And even more about who knew « Turing » in continental Europe. Actually it was less a Dr. Alan Turing who was becoming known in the computing community than the concept of the <i>Turing machine</i>. For the anecdote, in the 1960s a Greek student in C.Sc. heard of this concept and spent hours searching for the English verb "to ture"… He is one of the authors of « Logicomix », this splendid comics book about the history of mathematical logic.</font></div><div><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;"><br></font></div><div><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;">From what I understand, Turing became a recognized hero through a three-stage process:</font></div><div><span style="font-size: 14px;"><font face="Times">1) In the mid-1960s when the ACM, at the forefront of the struggle to get Computing recognized as a science, chose him to name a new award (cf. Gerard’s, Edgar’s and Irina’s publications), making Turing a father of a future « theoretical computer science ».</font></span></div><div><span style="font-size: 14px;"><font face="Times">2) In the mid-1970s when Her Majesty's government disclosed some information about Ultra: Turing, and collectively the codebreakers at Blechtley Park, thus became new heroes of WW2, somehow joining the league of the Hurricane and Spitfire pilots of the Battle of England.</font></span></div><div><span style="font-size: 14px;"><font face="Times">3) One or two decades later, in the wake of Andrew Hodges’ book, when Alan Turing became also a gay icon.</font></span></div><div><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;">This to answer the question: « Why did we celebrated a Turing centennial two years ago? » </font></div><div><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;"><br></font></div><div><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;">More on early Turing readers. I found out that a Swedish scholar, Dr. Lars Löfgren, had presented a paper on « Automata of High Complexity and
Methods of Increasing their Reliability by Redundancy », at the<i> Congrès international de l’Automatique</i>,
(Paris, 18-24 June 1956), published in 1959 in the proceedings, and again in <i>Information and Control</i>, vol. 1,
n° 2, May 1958, p. 127-147. His paper summarized and discussed Alan Turing’s articles, « On computable numbers […] » (1936) et
« Computing machinery and intelligence », <i>Mind</i> (1950), and of J. von Neumann (1951) and C.E. Shannon et J. McCarthy (1956) on Automata. Lars Löfgren worked for the Defense Institute in Stockholm, and eventually became professor
of system theory at the University of Lund in 1963. He may be tagged as a "cybernetician". Any more information would be welcome !</font></div><p class="MsoFootnoteText"><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;"><o:p></o:p></font></p>
<!--EndFragment--><div><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;"> Merry Christmas to all,</font></div><div><font face="Times" style="font-size: 14px;">Pierre</font></div><div><br><div><div>Le 22 déc. 2014 à 19:07, Alberts, Gerard <<a href="mailto:G.Alberts@uva.nl">G.Alberts@uva.nl</a>> a écrit :</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite">Dear Dave,<br>let us ask Edgar Daylight what he has to say on this. He and I did work on precisely this question for a while, but our findings did not yet reach the stage of formal publication. Basically the impression is that the Perlis and Carr gang, busy in creating a venue for exchange of software ideas (Communications of the ACM), went on to create a professional identity. Part of such effort, of course, is to name one's heroes. Probably from the US perspective pointing at the Englishman Turing was a safe choice. There is no indication that Turing was in any way the cult figure he is today.<br>Edgar's bold entry question at the time was how many of the Turing awardees would have actually read the work of Turing.<br><br>An exceptionally early, and to my knowledge the earliest explicit computer science continuation on Turing's 1936 article is by E.F. Moore, 'A simplified universal Turing machine', in Proceedings of the Association for Computing Machinery; Meeting at Toronto, Ont. Sept 8-10, 1952 (Washington, ACM, 1952), 50-55.<br><br>Christmas thoughts,<br>Gerard<br><br>________________________________________<br>Van: <a href="mailto:members-bounces@sigcis.org">members-bounces@sigcis.org</a> [<a href="mailto:members-bounces@sigcis.org">members-bounces@sigcis.org</a>] namens Dave Walden [<a href="mailto:dave.walden.family@gmail.com">dave.walden.family@gmail.com</a>]<br>Verzonden: maandag 22 december 2014 17:39<br>Aan: Dag Spicer; members<br>Onderwerp: [SIGCIS-Members] NY Review of Books: The Imitation Game -- a question<br><br>Hi,<br>With all this emphasis on Turing these days, including the 100th<br>anniversary celebration a couple of years ago and opinions about how<br>fundamental Turing was to how much that came later, I am curious if<br>anyone knows what the ACM people were thinking when they named their<br>award after Turing only a decade or so after his death. Did they<br>already see him as important historically as he is seen today? Did<br>they think he had been a brilliant many whose life ended badly and<br>who thus deserved memorializing? ...? I suppose there may have been<br>some writing in the CACM when the award was named or first awarded,<br>and I can go try to find that. In any case, I am wondering if anyone<br>knows what the committee members (or whomever) who decided on this<br>name for the award were thinking.<br>Dave<br><br><br>At 11:54 AM 12/21/2014, Dag Spicer wrote:<br><blockquote type="cite"><a href="http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2014/dec/19/poor-imitation-alan-turing/">http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2014/dec/19/poor-imitation-alan-turing/</a><br><br>Best,<br><br>Dag<br>--<br>Dag Spicer<br>Senior Curator<br>Computer History Museum<br>Editorial Board, IEEE Annals of the History of Computing<br>1401 North Shoreline Boulevard<br>Mountain View, CA 94043-1311<br><br>Tel: +1 650 810 1035<br>Fax: +1 650 810 1055<br><br>Twitter: @ComputerHistory<br><br>_______________________________________________<br>This email is relayed from members@sigcis.org, the email discussion<br>list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member<br>posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The<br>list archives are at http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/ and you<br>can change your subscription options at<br>http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members<br></blockquote><br><br>--<br>home address: 12 Linden Rd., E. Sandwich, MA 02537<br>home ph=508-888-7655; cell ph = 503-757-3137 (often don't carry it)<br>email address: <a href="mailto:dave@walden-family.com">dave@walden-family.com</a>; website:<br><<a href="http://www.walden-family.com/bbn/">http://www.walden-family.com/bbn/</a>><a href="http://www.walden-family.com/">http://www.walden-family.com/</a><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>This email is relayed from <a href="mailto:members@sigcis.org">members@sigcis.org</a>, the email discussion list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list archives are at <a href="http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/">http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/</a> and you can change your subscription options at <a href="http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members">http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members</a><br>_______________________________________________<br>This email is relayed from <a href="mailto:members@sigcis.org">members@sigcis.org</a>, the email discussion list of SHOT SIGCIS. Opinions expressed here are those of the member posting and are not reviewed, edited, or endorsed by SIGCIS. The list archives are at <a href="http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/">http://sigcis.org/pipermail/members/</a> and you can change your subscription options at <a href="http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members">http://sigcis.org/mailman/listinfo/members</a><br><br></blockquote></div><br></div></body></html>